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Formation of the International Telegraph Union (ITU), first international standardizing body.
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Rise of mobile telephony, early discussions about SEP concept.
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Formation of European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
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Widespread adoption of GSM standard, first major example of SEP licensing.
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Rise of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and other wireless standards, increasing complexity of SEP landscape.
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Surge in SEP litigation around the globe, concerns about hold-up and FRAND disputes.
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Ongoing debates about SEP reform, focus on promoting innovation and competition.