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Enclosure Act
These bills transferred collective land ownership from small-scale, frequently impoverished farming communities to rich landlords. Landowners now had the legal right to these communal lands because they had purchased the land rights and urged Parliament to approve these measures. -
The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge advocates the potato
The potato quickly took the place of other crops as a food staple because it was a more reliable crop than wheat, which suffered as a food crop when the damp climates of Europe prevented proper ripening. Potatoes became widespread and then turned into a necessity for the people in Europe to survive. Potatoes created a more nutritional diet as well as creating jobs and population booms everywhere the plant was grown. -
Dutch and Rotherham swing (wheel-less) plough
A redesign of the plough was attempted in the middle of the 1600s. The swing plough, which Rotherham invented, was lighter and more effective than other ploughs available at the time, and many of them would have been the first to be mass-produced in industrial revolution factories. -
Development of a National Market
The national market generated new marketplaces, created jobs, increased the efficiency of production, and produced items that aided in the efficiency of other sectors of the economy like transportation and farming. This signified a quickening of the processes that were initiated during the colonial period. America emerged from its economic past in the first part of the 19th century thanks to the steamboat, canal, railroad, and telegraph, all of which came into rapid succession. -
Land Conversion, Drainage, and Reclamation Programs
By transforming grazing area into cultivable ground, more farming was able to establish itself and more goods could be produced. Farmers began to participate in practices such as soil drainage and soil care. Meadows with water that receive irrigation have higher yields. -
Norfolk Four Course Crop Rotation
The Norfolk System is the creation of Charles Townshend. which alternates the planting of different crops, causing the plants to absorb varying types and amounts of nutrients from the soil as they develop. The Norfolk four-field system's use of labor during periods when demand was not at its highest was a crucial component. -
Jethro Tull and the Seed Drill
In 1701, Jethro Tull created the seed drill as a means of increasing planting efficiency. Before his creation, seeds were manually sown, either by distributing them across the ground or planting them one at a time, as was the case with bean and pea seeds. As a result, planting became easier and more capable, and less work was needed. -
Charles “Turnip” Townsend
On his farms, Viscount Townshend successfully implemented a novel crop rotation technique. He separated the crops in his fields into four groups: wheat in the first, clover (or ryegrass) in the second, barley or oats in the third, and turnips or swedes in the fourth. -
Aurther Young
One of the first specialists to extensively write about English farming methods and promote agricultural experimentation was Arthur Young. Despite not having much success as a farmer, Young played a significant role in promoting the innovative farming methods of his era. He promoted advancements like the use of marl as fertilizer, better crop rotations, and the seed drill. -
Robert Bakewell, Thomas Coke, and the development of Selective Breeding
Two British farmers named Robert Bakewell and Thomas Coke employed inbreeding to fix particular traits in an effort to lessen genetic variation and developed selective breeding as a scientific method in the middle of the eighteenth century. Additionally, Bakewell was the pioneer in breeding cattle primarily for the beef industry.