science timeline

  • Quaternary

    end of last Ice Age;rise of human civilization
  • Proterozoic Eon

    simple multicellular sea creatures develop;
    algae and plankton develop; eukaryotic cells develop
  • Permian

    modern insects; reptiles spread; evergreens; extinction of trilobites
  • Archean

    earth becomes habitable; spontaneous generation of first cells;
    rise of bacteria and cyanobacteria
  • Hadean

    formation of earth (uninhabitable)
  • Mississipian

    amphibians spread; sharks and bony fish; wingless insects
  • Devonian

    first amphibians; freshwater fish; wingless insects
  • Silurian

    land colonized by arthropods and plants
  • Ordovician

    trilobites abundant; vertebrates increase
  • Tertiary

    peak of mammals; modern invertebrates
    rise of grazing animals
    primitive apes ;whales; first modern mammals
    first horses
  • Cambrian

    sudden explosion of life; tribolites dominant; rise of other marine invertebrates; some vertebrates
  • Cretaceous

    mass extinctions (including dinosaurs); flowering plants appear
  • Jurassic

    giant dinossaurs; early birds; first mammals
  • Triassic

    first dinosaurs; rise of mammals-like reptiles