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According to legend, Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus -
Rome transitions from monarchy to a republic, ruled by elected officials. -
Rome fights Carthage and gains control of Sicily, marking the start of its expansion beyond Italy. -
Rome defeats Hannibal of Carthage securing it dominance in the western Mediterranean. -
Rome destroys Carthage, ending the Third Punic War and gaining control of North Africa -
Julius Caesar leads two expeditions to Britain, marking Rome's first contact with the island. -
Julius Caesar is assassinated, leading to the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. -
Octavian (later Augustus) becomes the first Roman Emperor, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. -
The Roman Emperor Claudius orders the invasion of Britain, beginning Roman rule over the island. -
A massive fire destroys much of Rome leading to the first persecution of Christians by Emperor Nero. -
The cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum are buried by volcanic ash. -
Emperor Hadrian orders the building of a wall across northern Britain to defend against the Scots. -
Emperor Constantine grants religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, allowing Christianity to be practiced openly