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Early Life & Education
- February 13, 1879: Born in Hyderabad to Aghorenath Chattopadhyay and Barada Sundari Devi.
- 1891: At age 12, writes Maher Muneer, a Persian-language play.
- 1895–1898: Studies at King’s College, London, and Girton College, Cambridge with a scholarship.
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Early Political Activism & Women’s Rights
- 1905: Joins the Swadeshi Movement, promoting Indian goods over British imports.
- 1916: Meets Mahatma Gandhi and becomes involved in the freedom struggle.
- 1917: Co-founds the Women’s India Association, advocating for women's rights.
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Leadership in the National Movement
- 1919: Protests against the Rowlatt Act and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
- 1925: Becomes the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress.
- 1930: Participates in Gandhi’s Salt Satyagraha (Dandi March) and is arrested.
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Representation & Continued Activism
- 1931: Represents India at the Round Table Conference in London.
- 1940: Continues speaking out against British rule and supports Indian independence.
- 1942: Arrested during the Quit India Movement, spending 21 months in jail.
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Role in Independent India
- 1947: Becomes the first woman Governor of Uttar Pradesh, India’s largest state.
- March 2, 1949: Passes away while serving as Governor.