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Jan 1, 1420
Migrate and Prince henry the navigator and conquisdator
migrate- Move from one place to another.
who- extremely religious people or people in prisons.
why- They were forced to
Prince henry- Sent portuguguese ships to explofre the westcoast of aAfrica
conquisdator- conqueror
why- His desire was " need to know" -
Dec 8, 1475
expeditions out west
Cristopher Columbus born betwen 31 October 1450 Genoa; died 20 May 1506 was an Italian explorer and navigator. initiated the Spanish colonization of the New World.
a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. Hernan Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers who began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. -
Dec 8, 1515
Moctezuma and columbian exchange
Moctezuma-was the ruler of Tenochtitlan, reigning from 1502 to 1520. The first contact between indigenous civilizations of Mesoamerica and Europeans took place during his reign, and he was killed during the initial stages of the Spanish conquest of Mexico,
columbian exchangee Columbian Exchange refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds. Exchanges of plants, animals, diseases and technology transformed European and Native American ways of life. -
Jul 30, 1519
house of burgesses and mayflower compact
House of Burgesses was the first democratically-elected legislative body in the British American colonies.
The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was written by separatist Congregationalists who called themselves "Saints". Later they were referred to as Pilgrims or Pilgrim Fathers. They were fleeing from religious persecution by King James of England. -
Dec 9, 1570
william Penn and Puritan
William Penn was an English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, early Quaker and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.he supported colonial unifaction.
he Puritans were a group of English Reformed Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to purify the Church of England from all Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England was only partially reformed. -
renaissance and adobe
The Renaissance is a period in Europe, from the 14th to the 17th century, considered the bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history. who- Henry the navigator
Adobe-Adobe- A kind of clay used as building material.
why-Adobe is among the earliest building materials, and is used throughout the world. -
john smith and house of Burgesses
John Smith, Admiral of New England, was an English soldier, explorer, and author. He was knighted for his services to Sigismund Bathory, PrinWith its origin in the first meeting of the Virginia General Assembly at Jamestown in July 1619, the House of Burgesses was the first democratically-elected legislative body in the British American colonies.aree of Transylvania, and his friend Mózes Székely -
Northwest passage and john smith
The Northwest Passage is a sea route connecting the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Columbian exchange took place through this route.
Colonizer and publicist. During his two years in America, Smith was principally responsible for the survival of England’s first permanent colony in the New World. -
indenatured servent, middle passage and Magna carta
Indentured servitude was a labor system where people paid for their passage to the New World by working for an employer for a certain number of years.
The Middle Passage was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade.
a charter of liberties to which the English barons forced King John to give his assent in June 1215 at Runnymede -
joint stock company
Similar to mordern corporations that sell stock to investors in order to pool resources like capital or money together for new product development, research, etc who- king james 1 -
Habeas corpus, salutary neglect and Mercantilism
Habeas Corpus is a legal action or writ by means of which detainees can seek relief from unlawful imprisonment. Salutary neglect is an American history term that refers to the unofficial, long-term seventeenth- and eighteenth-century British Crown policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep American colonies obedient to England.
Mercantilism the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances -
northwest passage and joint stock company
he Northwest Passage is a sea route connecting the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
Joint stock company- A joint-stock company is a business entity where different stocks can be bought and owned by shareholders. Each shareholder owns company stock in proportion, evidenced by his or her shares (certificates of ownership). -
English bill of Rights
Is and act that the parliment of england passed on dec 16 1689. The bill creates seperation of powers of the king and queen and enhances the democratic election and bolsters freedom of speech. -
Enlightment, great awakening and cash crops
Enlightment is an European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries.
Great awakening- an evangelical and revitalizing movement that swept protestant Europe andBritish America and especially the American colonies in the 1730's
A cash crop is an agricultural crop which is grown for sale to return a profit. It is typically purchased by parties separate from a farm. The term cash crop is applied exclusively to the agricultural production of plants -
Iraquois League
Image result for iroquois league
The five Iroquois nations, characterizing themselves as “the people of the longhouse,” were the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca. After the Tuscarora joined in 1722, the confederacy became known to the English as the Six Nations and was recognized as such at Albany, New Yor -
presido and Mestizo
presido- a spanish fort now settled in california
Mestizo- Mestizo, Latin American Spanish is a term traditionally used in Spain and Spanish America to mean a person of combined European and Amerindian descent, or someone who would have been deemed a Castiz. -
popular sovereignty,limited govt and seperation of powers
opular sovereignty or the sovereignty of the people is the principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives
A constitutionally limited government is a system of government that is bound to certain principles of action by a state constitution.
an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies. ex- Austalia, India and UK -
State issuses
he Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio, and also known as the Freedom Ordinance or The Ordinance of 1787) was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States
The Connecticut Compromise (also known as the Great Compromise of 1787 or Sherman's Compromise) was an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative -
shays rebellion and the federalist
Shays' Rebellion is the name given to a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt.
The Federalist is a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution. -
Cabinet and Alexander Hamilton
Cabinet- George washington appointed four people, Thomas jefforson, Alexander hamilton, henery knox and Edmund rondolph to advise him and assist him in carrying out his duties.
Alexander Hamilton-lexander Hamilton was a Founding Father of the United States, chief staff aide to General George Washington, one of the most influential interpreters and promoters of the U.S. Constitution. Founder of Federalists party. -
shays rebellion and great compromise
shays rebellion who- luke day and daneil shays
Shays' Rebellion is the name given to a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt. Great compromise- who- Roger sherman
an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure -
The federalist and popular sovereignty
federalst- who- Alexander hamilton and james madison
The Federalist is a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution.
Popular sovereignty- opular sovereignty or the sovereignty of the people's rule is the principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People). -
Bicameral legislature, Articles of confederation and nothwest ordinance
A bicameral legislature is one in which the legislators are divided into two separate assemblies, chambers or houses.
Articles of confederation is the document document served as the United States' first constitution, and was in force from March 1, 1781, until 1789 when the present day Constitution went into effect.
The ordinance created the Northwest Territory, the first organized territory of the United States, from lands beyond the Appalachian Mountains, between Canada and the great lakes. -
bicarmel legislature and articles of confedration
bicarmel legislature- refers to a particular body og govt that consists of 2 legislative houses or chanbers.
articles of confedration- the document that served as the first constitution of the united states.
Countries that follow bicarmel legislation- USA, Russia, India, Germany, Australia -
Limited govt and seperation of powers
limited govt-who-Jemes madison
A constitutionally limited government is a system of government that is bound to certain principles of action by a state constitution.
Seperation of powers-an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies. ex- India, france, hongkong and UK -
Tariff and loose construction
tariff- A tariff is a tax on imports or exports, it was urged by the first secretary of state Alexander Hamilton. The goal was to promote industries using tariffs.
Loose construction- A broad interpretation of a statue or document by a court. Federalists led by Hamilton believed in loose construction also called elastic clause. -
checks and balances
The system of checks and balances is used to keep the government from getting too powerful in one branch. For example, the Executive Branch can veto bills from the Legislative Branch, but the Legislative Branch can override the veto. -
cotton gin, american system
the cotton gin is a device for removing the seeds from cotton fiber. Such machines have been around for centuries. Eli Whitney's machine of 1794, however, was the first to clean short-staple cotton, and a single device could produce up to fifty pounds of cleaned cotton in a day.
This "System" consisted of three mutually reenforcing parts: a tariff to protect and promote American industry; a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other "internal improvement -
john jay and alien and sedition acts
John jay As a leader of the new Federalist Party, Jay was the Governor of the State of New York (1795–1801), where he became the state's leading opponent of slavery also was one of the founding fathers.
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed by the Federalist dominated 5th United States Congress, and signed into law by Federalist President John Adams in 1798. -
Strict construction and Whiskey rebellion
Strict construction- applicable for states rights. It was supported by democratic republicans under the leadership of Madison and Jefferson.
Whiskey rebellion- The Whiskey Rebellion, also known as the Whiskey Insurrection, was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791, during the presidency of George Washington. The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government. -
lousiana purchase and impresment
The Louisiana Purchase (1803) was a land deal between the United States and France, in which the U.S. acquired approximately 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million.
mpressment, colloquially, "the press" or the "press gang", refers to the act of taking men into a navy by force and with or without notice. Navies of several nations used forced recruitment by various means. -
war hawks and andrew jackson
War Hawk, in U.S. history, any of the expansionists primarily composed of young Southerners and Westerners elected to the U.S. Congress in 1810, whose territorial ambitions in the Northwest and Florida inspired them to agitate for war with Great Britain.
Andrew jackson was the seventh president of US. He was a democratic republican. One of the most conteversial presidents of US. -
Marbury V Madison and judicial review
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution
Judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the judiciary. A court with judicial review power may invalidate laws and decisions that are incompatible with a higher authority, such as the terms of a written constitution.ex- Canada -
Wilmot proviso, popular sovereignty
The Wilmot Proviso was designed to eliminate slavery within the land acquired as a result of the Mexican War (1846-48). Soon after the war began, President James K. Polk sought the appropriation of $2 million as part of a bill to negotiate the terms of a treaty.
Popular sovereignty or the sovereignty of the people's rule is the principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives. -
Treaty of Ghent and Hartford conovention
The Treaty of Ghent (8 Stat. 218), signed on December 24, 1814 in the city of Ghent, was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom.
The Hartford Convention was a series of meetings from December 15, 1814 – January 5, 1815 in Hartford, Connecticut, United States, in which the New England Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems arising -
Henery clay
Henry Clay, Sr. was an American lawyer, politician, and skilled orator who represented Kentucky in both the United States Senate and House of Representatives the centerpiece of Clay's statecraft was an integrated economic program called 'the American System.' This envisioned a protective tariff, a national bank jointly owned by private stockholders and the federal government, and federal subsidies for transportation projects ('internal improvements'). -
lone star republic and treaty of guadalupe hidalgo
The Lone Star Republic. Chamber of Commerce, Huntsville, TX. Sam Houston, President of the Republic of Texas. At the time Spain granted independence to Mexico in 1821, the land now comprising the state of Texas was very sparsely populated.
The war officially ended with the February 2, 1848, signing in Mexico of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The treaty added an additional 525,000 square miles to United States territory, including the land that makes up all or parts of present-day Arizona, Cali -
monroe doctrine and missouri compromise
The Monroe Doctrine was a U.S. foreign policy regarding domination of the American continent in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression, requiring U.S. intervention.
The Missouri Compromise was an effort by Congress to defuse the sectional and political rivalries triggered by the request of Missouri late in 1819 for admission as a state in which slavery would be permitted. -
Interchangeable parts and erie canal
In 1798, Whitney began manufacturing musket rifles for the new American government. At his armory he pioneered the use of interchangeable parts and the milling machine.
The Erie Canal is a canal in New York that originally ran about 363 miles from Albany, on the Hudson River to Buffalo, at Lake Erie. It was built to create a navigable water route from New York City and the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes. -
Tariff of abominations and the second great awakening
The "Tariff of 1828" was a protective tariff passed by the Congress of the United States on May 19, 1828, designed to protect industry in the northern United States.
The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States. The movement began around 1790, gained momentum by 1800 and, after 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations whose preachers led the movement. -
utopian community
Utopian communities in 19th-century America were considered by many to herald a new age in human civilization. Often led by charismatic leaders with high religious or secular moral ideals, these settlements experimented wildly with different models of government, marriage, labor and wealth. Hundreds of such societies littered the U.S. landscape during the 1800s, most disappearing without a trace. Here are five that made a lasting impression on life in the United States, for better or for worse. -
Indian removal act and jacksonian democracy
The Indian Removal Act was passed by Congress on May 28, 1830, during the presidency of Andrew Jackson. The law authorized the president to negotiate with southern Indian tribes for their removal to federal territory west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their ancestral homelands.
Jacksonian democracy is the political movement during the Second Party System toward greater democracy for the common man symbolized by American politician Andrew Jackson and his supporters. -
dorthe dix, nat turner and william lyoyd garrison
Dorothea Lynde Dix was an American activist on behalf of the indigent insane who, through a vigorous program of lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental asylums.
Nat Turner was an African-American slave who led a slave rebellion of slaves and free blacks in Southampton County, Virginia on August 21, 1831 that resulted in 60 white deaths
William Lloyd Garrison was a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, suffragist -
mormon movement
The Mormons started their movement into the West in 1846 due to their persecutions in Missouri, Ohio, and Illinois, for their strong religious beliefs. The Mormons had numerous reasons for moving there, the West was mostly unsettled and free from those who opposed polygamy, they could freely practice their religion without being punished and ridiculed from everyone around them, and finally, they wanted a land where they could start their own Mormon society. -
abolition movement, Elizabeth cady stanton and seneca falls
Abolitionism is a movement to end slavery, whether formal or informal. In Western Europe and the Americas, abolitionism was a historical movement to end the African and Indian slave trade and set slaves free.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton was an American suffragist, social activist, abolitionist, and leading figure of the early women's rights movement.
The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention. It advertised itself as "a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious c -
nullification and manifest destiny
Nullification, in United States constitutional history, is a legal theory that a state has the right to nullify, or invalidate, any federal law which that state has deemed unconstitutional. The theory of nullification has never been legally upheld by federal courts.
Manifest Destiny is a term for the attitude prevalent during the 19th century period of American expansion that the United States not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast. This attitude helped fuel western set -
compromise of 1850 andunderground railroad
The Compromise of 1850 was a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850, which defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states regarding the status of territories acquired during the Mexican-American War (1846–1848).
The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century enslaved people of African descent in the United States in efforts to escape to free states and Canada -
harriet beecher stove and kansas nebraska act
Harriet Elisabeth Beecher Stowe was an American abolitionist and author. She came from a famous religious family and is best known for her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. It depicts the harsh life for African Americans under slavery.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed by the U.S. Congress on May 30, 1854. It allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. The Act served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 -
california gold rush, golden purchase
The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) was a period in American history which began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought—mostly by sailing ships and covered wagons—some 300,000 gold-seekers (called "forty-niners", as in "1849") to California.
he Gadsden Purchase is a 29,640-square-mile region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico that was purchased by the United States in a treaty signed -
dred scott and harpers ferry
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393, was a landmark decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court held that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, could not be American citizens.
John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry was an effort by white abolitionist John Brown to initiate an armed slave revolt in 1859 by taking over a United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia -
fort sumpter
1.first battle of civil war
2.lincon tried to eeinforce the fort
3.confederacy decided to attack North- 300 men, limited supply, defending, better equipment
South- many men, lots and lots of supplies, not enough equipment -
The anaconda plan
Anaconda Plan was a military plan designed by Winfield Scott (Mexico)
The plan emphasized the blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two
The planned blockade would stop trade in the South,
The effects of the Anaconda plan were less devastating in the north because most of civil war took place in the south -
The first battle of bull run
In prince willam county,
North-The union attacked the south
led by Irvin mcDowell
South-led by Joseph E johnson
South won the battle
The second battle of bulll run also had severe causalities. -
battle of antitam
who- General Robert E Lee and General George McClellan
what- the first major battle of americn civil war
where- Antietam creek, maryland
Tactic- get closer and closer and then fire.
It was a very bloody war
South lost half its men -
Chancellorsville
Important figures :
Hooker, Robert E Lee and Lincoln
South won
Bloodiest battle of its time
The campaign pitted Union Army Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker's Army of the Potomac against an army less than half its size -
seige of Vicksburg
US grant vs John T Petmberton
part of anaconda plan, ended july 4th of that year,Union victory,
Aftermath- Town almost left in ruins, Resident of Vicksburg dug caves to escape artillery firing.
the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. -
Gettysburg
important figure- Robert E Lee
important places- Maryland, pennsilvania
The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war -
appmomattox court house
causulties 700 The Battle of Appomattox Court House, fought on the morning of April 9, 1865, was one of the last battles of the American Civil War. It was the final engagement of Confederate Army general Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia before it surrendered to the Union Army under Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant -
Petersberg
- The civil war's largest concentration of African americans important people 1. General Ulysses S grant 2. Robert E Lee
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battle of Atanta
north- William Tecumseh Sheman south- gen Johnston
Battle Of Atlanta Summary: The Battle of Atlanta was fought on July 22, 1864, just southeast of Atlanta, Georgia. Union forces commanded by William T. Sherman, wanting to neutralize the important rail and supply hub, defeated Confederate forces defending the city under John B. Hood -
sherman march
A violet camaign dating from nov 15 to dec 21 1864.
it was a march from atlanta to savannah
north- life remained same
south- caused lot of tension and the south lived in fear
The march attracted a huge number of refuges
shermen recruited 5000 african americans for the march -
confederate states of america
he Confederate States of America, commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was a confederation of secessionist American states existing from 1861 to 1865.
Capitals: Montgomery, Richmond, Danville
