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Period: Jan 1, 862 to Dec 31, 879
The princing of Rurik
Prince Rurik was the first true leader of Russia,
The Rurik dynasty would rule Russia for 700 years
Russia got its first capital (Kiev) and the people of what is now Russia got their name, the rus -
Period: Jun 11, 980 to 1054
Time of Vladimir the great
Vladimir brought christianity to Russia and Ukraine
Vladimirs successor Yaroslav gave Russia its codified laws for the time
Yaroslav's reign was a Russian golden age -
Period: 1237 to 1240
Attack of the Mongols
All cities that resisted them were burnt and slaughterd
Only Nogovrod surrendered and was allowed to stand
The now leader of Russia Alexander held off and defeats the teutonic knights -
Period: 1240 to 1502
Reign of the golden horde
Russia was subjected by the mongols and were required to pay tribute
The great principality of moscow was formed by Daniel navsky
Grand luchy of lithuania was formed -
Period: 1327 to 1502
The Rus rebel
Both the grand luchy and principality fight the mongols and win key fights
Due to infighting the golden horde falls apart in splitter factions
Moscow is marked as the 3 home for the orthadox christian faith -
Period: 1330 to 1360
A time of troubles
A third of russia died (war plague and famine were rampant)
Novgorod and moscow were occupied by forieng armies
Prince Kozarky and Kuzma minin along with the russian milita liberated moscow -
Period: 1454 to 1466
13 years war
Conflict was between russia and the poland lithuania commonwealth
The russians won and took control of eastern ukraine
There was a revolt against the tsarist government led by stenka razin -
Period: to
The Romanovs
Mikhail ramanov is made the new leader of russia
Romanov dynasty would last 300 years
Laws were put into place that made 80% of the populace basically slaves -
Period: to
Peter the Great
Wanted to modernize russia as soon as possible (made the wealthy act like european and those who didnt wanna shave pay a beard tax)
Made the first russian navy and reformed the armies and industry
Started construction of st.peters burg (also great norther war started) -
Period: to
Great Turkish war
Peace was made with the lithuanians
Russia joined the “holy league” to fight the ottomans
Peace was established with the chinese as well -
Period: to
Cathrine the Great
Intellectual studies were greatly expanded along with many ideas of reason and tolerance
Encouraged Europeans to move to russia to share their expertise
She also led the russo turkish war getting more land for russia to rule -
Period: to
Cathrine the Great part 2
Poland and lithuania were carved up after breaking
The jews in poland were forced to live in an area call the “pale of settlement”
Crimea was also forcibly annexed into russia -
Period: to
After catherine the Great
Her son (now leader of russia) Joined the europeans in the fight against revolutionary france
Pauls son likewise to his grandmother wanted a modern russian state, but was heavily against any sort of liberalism
War with france would cement Alexander's reign -
Period: to
The napoleonic wars
Peace was temporarly made after a batch of skirmishes between russia and her allies and france
Russia would take over finland and leave it an autonomous grand duchy
In 1812 the French attacked russia and the bloody battle of borodino -
Period: to
The Wars continued
Borodino would be a french victory but when Alexander refused to deal the french were forced to retreat back to their territory during the russian winter, the army would be almost completely devastated
All europlean nations attacked france and this led to the abdication of napoleon and the capture of paris
The holy alliance was formed between russia austria and prussia to prevent any more revolutions -
Period: to
Aftermath of the wars
Russia was Standing as a world power and a force to be reckoned with
Many intellectuals and army officials created secret societies in order to overthrow the government
The decemberists revolt attacked after there was confusion who should take over after alexander, they failed and ringleaders were hung -
Period: to
Aftermath of the wars continued
The government made it clear they rejected modern europeans liberalism
War with persia led to the claiming of even more land for russia
The russians supported the greeks in their war of independence which cause the ottoman empire to go to war with russia -
Period: to
1830s to 40s
A revolt in poland consisting of many army officals was put down by loyalist forces
Russias most famous poet was shot in a dual and died 2 days later
There was a hugarian revolt which russia put troops to put down -
Period: to
The 1850s
Russias first actual railway is built
A well known russian intellectual alexander herzin emigrated to europe and called for his nations reformal
Ottoman empire declared war on prussia, britan and france concerned how powerful russia was getting declared war on it, russia was humilated and had to sign for peace and pull all forces outta the black sea -
Period: to
Alexander the II
Abolished serfdom (many serfs were still in poverty and despair
He also made provincial assemblies which would be in charge of all the local affairs
Poles and ithuanians revolted again only to be crushed once more -
Period: to
Alexander the III
Ordered the russian secret police to infiltrate the many revolutionary factions in russia
Many jews were exhiled from the country
Concerned with the growing strength of germany an alliance was struck between russia and france that should one be attacked the other will come to aid -
Period: to
1890s
Economic reforms encourage forienge investments and bring the country closer to true modernisation
Trans siberian railroad constructed
Helped crush the boxer rebellion in china -
Period: to
The Russo japanese war
Russian navy absolutely destroyed at the battle of tsumia
Russia was simply humiliated by the loss against the japanese
The loss had also spiked internal issues leading to a strike of steel mill workers in st petersburg -
Period: to
1905 revolution
Protesters went to the snow palace and were fired upon killing almost 100
Unrest spread throughout the country do to “bloody sunday” as it has since been named
A ship named the potemkin mutinied and killed the officers on board -
Period: to
October manifesto
Government assemblies were made which the Tsar would rule along side
The Tsar could veto any legislation they try to pass
Many would be revolutionaries were executed
Im gonna add WW1 here as it is a big factor in what drove the russians to revolt agisnth the Tsar and really cemented what it became -
Period: to
WW1
Food shortages were rampant
People lost faith and were sick of the Tsar
Country forced into chaos in many regions -
Period: to
Abdication of Tsar
The Tsar was told the only way russia wouldn't fall was if he gave his throne to another or gave it up entirely
The provisional government that followed the Tsar's abdication had no real power and no way to enforce the laws they wanted to impose and could do nothing to stop the economic landslide
Petrograd soviet (the now governing force of petrograd) had virtually equal power and were forced to work together -
Period: to
The Bolsheivks
Led by Vladimir lenin, this small faction really gained traction after the petrograd soviet wanted to finish the war and honor the commitment they made to the allies
Lenin demanded the redistribution of the lands, along with various other demands he and his party made
He wanted the local governments the “soviets” to have the power as opposed to the petrograd soviet which wanted war, and the incapable provisional government -
Period: to
The June offensive and july days
Army morale was absolutely destroyed in particular after the june offensive in which 400000 russians lost their lives, the army was in a stage where desertion was common and mutinies were even more common
Trotsky was arrested, lenin and stalin fled to finland to escape arrest and possible execution
Kernesky comes to power, as “the man who'd save russia” big dreams -
Period: to
The Revolution continues
Kornilov leads a military coup to petrograd to ‘restore order’
Trotsky was released from prison and sent many armed men of bolsheviks and red guard to defend petrograd from the coup
Kornilovs forces either switched sides, or jsut went home, they were tired either way