-
Nicholas II Crowned Tsar of Russia
-Last in line of Romanovs
-Abdicated power March 15, 1917 -
Russo-Japanese War
-Over control of Manchuria and Korea
-The US convinced Japan and Russia to sign the Treaty of Portsmouth
-Lasted until 1905 -
Revolution of 1905
-The start of the Revolution
-Started with protests over the poor wages and food shortages
-The tsar’s troops killed approximately two hundred and wounded eight hundred, the day was later called Bloody Sunday
-Tsar no longer looked at as a protector and strong leader
-More workers and peasants joined in, looting shops and breaking into prisons
-First general strike happened in October and September, Count Witte advised the tsar with a list of reforms called the October Manifesto, Nicholas signed -
March Revolution Begins
-March 4th - 12th, 1917
-Started because of food shortages, poor wages, terrible leadership from the government and tsar, and the opposition of World War I because of the conditions and casualties.
-Order of Events
-Factory workers demanded an increase because they had no money for food
-Management refuses, and workers lead strikes and protests. Other workers and peasants soon join in.
-Government brings in soldiers, they fire upon protesters. -
March Revolution Ends
-They are asked to fire again, but they feel guilty and mutiny, join the protesters
-Nicholas orders Duma not to meet, they disobey, Alex Kerenxy says that soldiers have come to support them and they form Provisional Government
-Provisional Government persuades Nicholas that the royal family was loosing power, he abdicates power
-During all this Lenin was exiled to Siberia -
Russian Civil War Begins
-Reds led by Lenin Trotsky vs. Whites led by Mannerheim
-Red: Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, communists, revolutionaries, Union of the Russian People; White: counter-revolutionaries, supporters of the Provisional Government
-1917-1921 -
October Revolution
-On October 24 the Bolsheviks and Trotsky captured the government and the Winter Palace
-Soldiers soon gained control of other cities of Russia including Moscow
-Council of People’s Commissars set up to lead Russia -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
-Got Russia out of World War I
-Gave Germany Riga, Lithuania, Livonia, Estonia and some of White Russia, all of which had many valuable resources
-Lenin could now concentrate on the revolution -
Russian Civil War Ends
-Reds led by Lenin Trotsky vs. Whites led by Mannerheim
-Red: Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, communists, Union of the Russian People; White: counter-revolutionaries and provisional government supporters
-Red Army in control of Poland, Lenin signs Treaty of Riga and gives them freedom
-Poland takes control of part of Russia, and Whites, ends Russian civil war -
USSR Is Formed
-Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
-New leaders of Russia
-Comprised of Russia, Belorussia, Ukraine, and the Transcaucasian Federation
-Based on Marxist Socialism
