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Document K: Karl Marx, Economic and Philosophic Manusripts
The event belongs where it belongs is because the war stated with people not happy with there jobs and with document K, it shows the start of "the worker becoming allthe poorer [and] the more wealth" Within document K some totalitarianism characteristics would include number six: "Central control and direction of the entire economy," -
Alexander III
Alexander III held to the priniples of autocracy (a government with total power). Anyone who questioned the absolute authoity is considered dangerous. In order to stop revolitionaries, Alexander III used harsh measures. Alexander made Jews the target of persection. He subjected them to new laws that enoraged prejudice. -
Period: to
Russian Revolution
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Nicholas II
Became Czar in 1894.Strong force of autocracy (all power belonged to him) -
Bolsheviks
In 1903, a group of Russian Marxists .The Bolsheviks became a supporter for a small number of revolutionaries that strived for radical changes in the country. Leader was Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov -
Trans Siberian Railway
Trans Siberian Railway opened in 1904 -
Bloody Sunday
On ]anuary 2.2, 1905, about 200,000 Workers and their .families approached the Wïnter Palace in St. Petersburg.
They carried a petition asking for better Working conditions, niore personal freedom, and an elected national legislature. Nicholas Il was not at the palace. His generals and
police chiefs were ordered the soldiers to fire on the crowd. Between 500 and 1,000 unarmed people were killed. Russians quickly named the event “Bloody Sunday". -
WWI
In 1914 Nicholas II brought Russia into WWI. Before a year could pass, over 4 million Russian soldiers had died or been taken -
Bolshevik Revolution
In 1917 Lenin and the Bolsheviks seized power of the Petrograd soviet. November 1917 the leaders of the provisional government were arrested, meaning the Bolshevik Revolution was over -
Soviets
Soviets were local councils consisting of Workers, peasants, and soldiers. In many cities, especially Petiograd, the soviets had more iniiuence than the provisional govcmment, -
Russian Orthodox Church
An independent church with its own Patriarch; until 1917 it was the established church or Russia -
Bolshevik Red Guards
Government Toplee In November 1917, without Warning, Bolshevik Red Guards made up of armed factory Workers stormed the Winter Palace in Petrograd. They took over government Oftîces and arrested tlre leaders of the provísiorìal government. -
Bolshevik Revolution
Lenin and the Bolsheviks recognized their opportunity to seize
power. They soon gained control of the Petrogiîad soviet, as Well as the Soviets in other major Russian cities. By the fall of 1917, people in the Cities Were rallying to the Call, “All power to the Soviets. -
Document D: Red Army propaganda poster from the Russian Civil War
1 Picture shows a disribition ssaying "Before:one plow, many spoons. The 2nd picture sayings "Now: he who does not work, does not eat!" This shows the results of life after WW1 and how life was like for the Red Army. Some totalitarism characterisitics would include number 4 (A similar monopoly of the means of effectie mass communication. -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
March 1918 Russia and Germany signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. -
Collective farms
By 1928 the USSR’s farms and factories were back up to the producing rate they had before WWI. -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
March 1918 Russia and Germany signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. -
Document J: image of the Kremlin, Moscow
Document J states: the USSR moved its capital to Moscow and set up offices in the Kremlin. This event happend at the end of WW1. The reasoning of Nicholas II stepping down from power is due to the amount of volience that was happening., hierarchically orgainished, closely interwoven with the state bureaucracry and typically led by one man. Some characteristics of totalitarianism would include, number 2 (A single mass party -
Document H Song Lyrics of “The Internationale” the national anthem of the USSR in 1918
This excerpt of the national USSR anthem has first words of encouragement for the workers (actually referred to as starvelings) to rise and work under new “better” conditions (better for the government) in order to become more powerful than the countries pulling ahead of them. In the second verse it -
Indoctrination
Teaching someone to accept doctrines uncritically -
Pogroms
an organized massacre of a particular ethnic group, in particular that of Jews in Russia or eastern Europe. -
Autocracy
People that are leaders that can do anything -
White Army
Opponents of Bolsheviks formed the White Army. Revolutionary leader helped Bolsheviks form the Red Army. -
Totalitarianism
Stalin began trying to create a totalitarianism state (having absolute power/their version of a perfect country) out of Russia -
Marxism
Social theories of Karl Marx including the belief that the struggle between social classes . -
Censorship
Censorship by the government is unconstitutional because freedom of speech is protected in the First Amendment, and is guaranteed to all Americans. -
Proletariat
The proletariat is a term used to describe the class of wage-earners -
Document E Karl Marx’s 10 Commandments of Communism
Karl Marx’s 10 Commandments of Communism show strict signs of a monopolistic ruling - with commandments such as “abolition of all right of inheritance”, “a heavy progressive or graduated income tax”, and “abolition of property in land of all rents of land to public purposes”.
an example of totalitarianism in this document is central control and direction of the entire economy because Karl Marx established that most of the rights of the people had been abolished and he now had control over land -
Vladimir Lenin
In March 1921, Lenin launched the New Economic Policy, The reforms allowed peasants to sell thier surplus crops instead of turning them over to the government. Individulas could by and sell goods for profits. -
New Economic Policy
In March 1921 Lenin began the New Economic Policy (NEP)
allowed peasants to sell their crops instead of giving them to the government allowed them to buy and sell goods to make a profit smaller businesses were given civilian ownership
foreign investment was encouraged. -
Proletariat
January 22 1905, 200,000 workers came to the czar’s Winter Palace in St. Petersburg and petitioned for better working conditions - but Nicholas refused to loosen his power and actually set the crowd on fire killing 500-1,000 unarmed citizens (known as Bloody Sunday) -
Autocracy
A system of government by one person with absolute power. -
Karl Marx
In 1922, the country was named the Union of Sovet social ist Republics. The name came from the writting of Karl Marx. He had used the word communism to describe the classless society thta would exist after workers had seized power. -
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Lenin organized Russia into several self-governing sections and in 1922 the country was officially named the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) -
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin was a quiet man who rarely received much publie notice. During his early days as a Bolshevik, he changed his name from Dzhugashivili (joo-guhsh-VEEL-yih) to Stalin, which means “man of steel” in Russian. The name Well. Stalin was cold, hard, and impersonal. -
Police state
A totalitarian state controlled by a political police force that secretly supervises the citizens' activities. -
Propaganda
Misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view. -
Socialist realism
The theory of art, literature, and music officially sanctioned by the state in some communist countries (esp. in the Soviet Union under Stalin), by which artistic work was supposed to reflect and promote the ideals of a socialist society. -
Leon Trotsky
Leon Trotsky was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politician, and the founder and first leader of the Red Army. -
Communism
Coîmnum'sm is used to describe the classiess society that would exist after Workers had Seized power. -
Five-Year Plans
1928 Stalin established the beginning plans of several Five-Year Plans for the Soviet Union -
Communist Party
1928 Stalin had gained complete control of the Communist Party. Trotsky was forced into exile in the year 1929 and was no longer considered a threat. -
Command Economy
A system in which the government made all economic decisions. -
Document B Excerpt from a speech by Joseph Stalin introducing the First Five Year Plan in 1928
In this excerpt Stalin emphasizes that before his power came to rise Russia was a backwards and weak country and that now they were going to become better as their power increased - those who could not keep up with him would be disposed of. He outlines that they have fallen behind other countries and if they cannot catch up within a 10 year time limit they will most certainly be overruled by another country. -
Document C Altered images by the KGB in 1929
The first image has pictured three men by a waterfront smiling together whereas the second picture, after being altered by the KGB (Secret State Police) shows only the two men to the left with brighter faces and no man on the right. Things like this happened when a person was disappeared from the country and had his existence erased.
An example of totalitarianism in this document is a “similar monopolyof the means of effective mass communication” because the person ordering these pictures alter -
Document A (Joseph Stalin Interview)
This interview was done after WWI. It involed Joseph Stalin in a interview with a British newspaper when he said "Ideas are far more powerful than guns. We don't let our people have guns. Why should we let them have ideas? Some characteristics of totalitarianism include number 4 (A similar monopoly of the means of effective mass communication. -
Document G Soviet Propaganda Poster in 1934
This poster shows a painted image of Joseph Stalin smiling at children who are smiling back at him with Russian text that translates to “Thank you Comrade Stalin for our happy childhood”.
(This image belongs on the timeline on the 1934 mark because that corresponds with the correct date and an example of totalitarianism in this document is a similar monopoly of the means of effective mass communication because the image is trying to provoke the idea that children were very grateful to Stalin -
Great Purge
The Great Purge was a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin from 1936 to 1939. -
Document F Soviet Propaganda Poster in 1937
This poster shows a woman standing near a car and gazing out into the distance with text in Russia that translates “Day after day, life becomes even happier”.
(This image belongs on the 1937 point on the timeline because that’s the corresponding date and an example of totalitarianism in this document is a similar monopoly of means of effective mass communication because even though it was the opposite, this poster emphasized that Stalin was a “great” person that even children loved.
