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Period: to
Russian Revolution
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Czar Alexander III (1881-1894)
Anti-Semitic and pograms were organized violence against Jews
Blamed Jews for his fathers assassination
He favored the nobility
Autocracy, orthodoxy, national homogeneity
Significance: He favored nobility which made lower class angry. -
Czar Nicholas II (1894-1917)
Didn't think that people should help in government
Autocracy like father
People tried to industrialize and urbanize but got no help
Formed the Duma
Led the army during WW1 and was blamed for failure
In rule leading up to revolution
Significance: Made the Russian people feel ignored and angry -
Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)
Russia/Japan were arguing over land in Northern China (Manchuria)
Japan had more ground troops in the area
Had better navy because they were industrialized
Russia lost land and was embarrassed because it was proof they weren't industrialized
Significance: Rushed Russia to industrialize and form the Duma and people to dislike Czar more. -
Duma
An elected legislator intended for people to have some say in government
Did it to calm the people down
Made by Czar Nicholas II
Abolished it after 10 weeks
Significance: He wanted them to remain calm and support him but ended up losing him support -
Bloody Sunday
200,000 workers wanted to give Czar Nicholas II list of things they wanted to be improved in working/living conditions
Didn't want violence, just talk
The police opened fire on protestors, killed 100, injured 3000
Significance: Caused more strikes and disorder throughout Russia and formation of the Duma and people to dislike Czar more -
Russia in World War (1914-1917)
Nicholas II wanted to fight
He moved to the war front to command
Epic failure and he was blamed
Significance: He was blamed for the loss and ended up being removed from the throne after the March Revolution. -
Death of Rasputin
He was an uneducated peasant
Made living by exorcism, healing, and being a mystic for the royal family
People thought he was being allowed to make decisions while Nicholas wasn't there
Thought he was corrupt after hiring friends as officials
Tried to kill him by poison, two gunshots, then finally drowned him in a river by the nobility
Significance: Czar was blamed again for it and his bad reputation continued to decrease and led to his stepping down. -
Abdication of Czar Nicholas II/est of Provisional Government
People didn't like him anymore and he abdicated his throne after the March Revolution
Was executed by revolutionaries a year later
Duma set up a provisional government in his place
Not strong
Significance: Russia became a mess and no one was happy with living conditions, especially the peasants/working class. -
Bolshevik Revolution (1917-1920)
Communists overthrow Provisional Government
Cheka is Lenin's secret police
They are the Red Army
Significance: It started the civil war because other countries saw communism as a threat. -
Civil War (1918-1920)
Red vs White Army
Red is Bolsheviks, led by Leon Trotsky
White is conservatives and Allies
Spoiler: Red wins
Destroyed Russia
Millions died
Villages destroyed
Significance: Millions died and possibly destroyed Russia, but was along the path to communism -
Establishment of the USSR (1922-1991)
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Self-governing republics discourage Nationalism
Call themselves communist, but not truly communist
Significance: They were feared by the rest of the world by being communist -
Stalin's Rise to Power (1922-1927)
After Lenin's death, Stalin and Trotsky vie for power
Lenin was concerned about having Stalin in power
Has Trotsky exiled
Significance: Becomes dictator of Soviet Union -
Lenin's Death
Suffered a stroke but survived
Started a race for power between Trotsky and Stalin
Significance: It was the beginning of Stalin's dictatorship -
Leon Trotsky's Exile
Exiled by Stalin because Stalin felt threatened by his power
Sent to Mexico
Eventually killed
Significance: Showed that Stalin was afraid of others and would go to great lengths to remain in power
