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Period: to
Russian Revolution
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Reign of Czar Alexander III(1881- 1894)
During this time span persecution against Jews was common. It was said to strengthen Russia. His other reasoning for punishing the Jews was that he blamed them for the assassination of his Father. His three principles were autocracy, orthodoxy, and national homogeneity. The Czar promoted the nobility's interests.
*S:Alexander makes the peasants and workers dislike the Czar before Nicholas takes the throne already giving them a reason to revolt. -
Reign of Czar Nicholas II(1894-1917)
Believed majorly in autocracy(one-man rule). Since he believed that people shouldn't be involved in the government, the Russians became angry and felt ignored. Czar Nicholas II didn't love being a ruler; his real passion was war. He created The Duma.
S: abdicated from throne which led to a provisional government, provisional government gets overthrown. He is the one in power during all the events to set the stage for the revolution. He is to blame. -
Russo-Japanese War(1904-1905)
Russia and Japan had been arguing over stretch of land in China and this caused great tension. S: Russia lost land in China and became a constitutional monarchy and it was it was very embarrassing to lose. Pushed Russia to industrialize. Led to the creation of the Duma. -
Establishment of the Duma
Many events led up to this during the Reign of Czar Nicholas II. These things consist of the Russo- Japanese War and Bloody Sunday.
S: result of Russo- Japanese War and Bloody Sunday; done to improve the Czars reputation. -
Bloody Sunday
200,000 peasant workers marched to the Czar's Winter palace looking to get their working conditions approved. Though did not go as planned when the police/guards opened fire killing 100 and injuring 3,000. S: allowed protesters (workers) to become more angry since they wanted a peaceful march, but the police opened fire. Led the workers ( peasants) to hate the government Czar more. Led to the creation of the Duma. -
Russia's participation in WWI(1914-1917)
Russia was not industrialized so they had to drop out of the war early. They were defeated by the Germany at the Eastern Front after a long battle.
S: Russia joins WWI to help out Serbia. When they join, Germany wins. Russia was not industrialized so they lost to Germany and its allies. Then the drop out of the war. This embarrassment was blamed on the Czar. -
Death of Rasputin
He is a mystic that makes his living by being a healer. Became close with the royal family because supposedly when he was around their son who had hemophilia, Alexci could calm and stop bleeding faster. Killed by nobles because he was said to be bad for Russia.
S: contributes to the Czar's bad reputation. When the Czar was not home(away at the front) Rasputin was said to control the government by telling Alexandra what to do. People blame the Czar for this happening. -
Abdication of Czar Nicholas II/ est. of Provisional Government
-soviets, or local councils of workers, peasants, and especially soldiers popped around Russia
~became more powerful than Provisional Government
~promoted revolution and socialism
S: takes place of a ruler(the Czar)
Leads to Bolsheviks overthrowing Provisional Government -
Bolshevik Revolution(1917-1920)
The Bolsheviks led by Trotsky try and revolt against the provisional government and then form the Red Army. They kill the royal family who were in hiding.
S: led to the civil war -
Civil War(1918-1920)
-Fought between the Red and White armies
-red = Bolshevik armies(communists)
-white = other fighting against Bolshevik (Allies from WWI and Russian conservatives)
The Reds ended up winning the war after millions of men died. The Whites were less unified and did not have enough supplies to keep up with the Red army.
S: done to establish a clear path for Russia and who will rule.
When the Reds win, the Civil War is over and the revolution is successful. -
Stalin's Rise to Power (1922-1927)
~manipulates his way into power despite Lenin’s concerns
-by 1928, Stalin is in total command of Communist Party
-was very concerned with Trotsky and saw him as a huge threat
S: has Trotsky exiled and then killed
Stalin will become a dictator -
Establishment of USSR
-USSR: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, or Soviet Union
~self-governing republics discourage nationalism
-Communist (Bolsheviks) Party holds all the Power
~this is not true communism
-Soviet Union will exist until 1991
S: installed many communist governments in Russia
part of Russia's long lasting history, they fight in World War II and they fight in the Cold War -
Lenin's Death
He was the head of the USSR. Lenin secretly sent a newspaper all over Russia to gain support for his Communist Party.
S: set up competition over his replacement
~Runners for his position: Leon trotsky, Red Army commander and Joseph Stalin
Led to Stalin becoming dictator of USSR
-shows that Stalin feels threatened; shows the type of ruler that Stalin will become -
Leon Trotsky's Exile
Was exiled to Mexico by Stalin because he was seen as a threat. Though he was in Mexico Trotsky still seemed to be threat to Stalin.
Trotsky was the commander of the Red Army during the Civil War
S:
-Stalin has Trotsky killed by a Mexican assassin
-Stalin will later become dictator of Soviet Union
-eludes to Stalin's dictatorship
