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Reign of Czar Alexander III
- Was from 1881-1884
- He believed and promoted anti-semitism
- He promoted the nobles (people with money, land) over the working class and peasants
- He had three principle aims (goals)
- Autocracy (1 man rule)
- Orthodoxy (1 religion)
- National Homeogenity (1 race)
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Czar Nicholas
- He ruled from 1894-1917
- He used to believe in absolute monarchy but was forced to create the duma to gain attention
- Created the Duma (an elected legislative) to impress the people of his country
- Was blamed for all of Russia's military failures in WW1 because he didn't listen to his people
- On March 1917, street demonstrations broke out and nicholas realized how severe the situation was. This led him to making his decision of stepping down from the throne on March 15th, 1917
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Russo-Japanese War
- War between 1904-1905
- The war between Russia and Japan due to a disagreement over territory in Northern China
- Japan was much closer to China, which made it easy for them to win the war
- The results of this war made Russian citizens believe that the Russian government was inefficient
- One of the reasons why Czar Nicholas created the Duma
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Bloody Sunday
-The sunday when 200,000 workers went on a march for a demand of better working and living conditions
- Police fired on crowd, killing 100 and injuring 3,000
- Czar Nicholas was blamed, and it forced him to create the Duma -
Establishment of Duma
- The Duma was an elected legislative
- it was against the concept of absolute rule
- was created by Czar Nicholas to make the Russian people like him more
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Death of Grigori Rasputin
- assassinated by nobles for having close relationship to Czar Nicholas's wife (Alexandra)
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Russia's participation in WW1
- they were horrible because they had not industrialized
- Russia blamed their government and Czar Nicholas for everything
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Abdication of Czar Nicholas
- the provisional (temporary government) government was formed after Czar Nicholas resigned from his throne
- the provisional government is later overthrown by the communists (Vladimir lenin and his people) and later, a civil war has erupted
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Civil War
-The civil war between the Red Army and the White Conservative Generals Army
- The white army had support from foreign nations, but still ended up losing the war to the Red Army -
Bolshevik Revolution
-Revolution between Red Army and White Conservative Generals Army
-Bolsheviks overthrow the provisional government
- Russian Revolution breaks out -
Establishment of USSR
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), or Soviet Union
- self-governing republics discourage nationalism
Communist (fmr. Bolshevik) Party hold all the power
- this is not true communism
Soviet Union will exist until 1991 -
Stalin's Rise to Power
-Manipulates his way into power despite Lenin’s concerns
-By 1928, Stalin is in total command of Communist Party
- He has trotsky exiled in 1929- later Trotsky somehow dies
-Stalin will later become dictator of the Soviet Union -
Lenin's Death
It set up competition for people who wanted to replace him
The fight for the spot was between Leon Trotsky (Red Army Commander) and Joseph Stalin -
Leon Trotsky's Exile
Leon Trotsky is exiled and is later found dead after getting in the head by an icicle.
