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Revolution where people fought to overthrow the government, it was also the first stage in the German Revolution of 1848-49. -
He reigned from 13 March 1881 – 1 November 1894 as emperor. -
Nicholas II was the last reigning Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. -
The Russo-Japanese War was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. Russia's defeat leads to the Russian Revolution. -
World War I started in 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. His murder catapulted into a war across Europe that lasted until 1918. -
The Provisional Government was the formally constituted authority in Russia, with responsibility for the conduct of the war between February and October 1917. It was formed when the tsar's government collapsed after protests over food shortages and unemployment gathered momentum in the last week of February 1917 -
The Bolshevik party seized power in Russia in the October Revolution of 1917, and was later renamed the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Their ideology and practices, based on Lenin's version of Marxism -
Revolution that overthrew the imperial government and placed the Bolsheviks in power -
He returned to Russia and played a leading role in the October Revolution, in which the Bolsheviks overthrew the new regime. -
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the overthrowing of the social-democratic Russian Provisional Government. -
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a separate peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between Soviet Russia and the Central Powers, by which Russia withdrew from World War I. -
Czar Nicholas II and his family are executed by the Bolsheviks, bringing an end to the three-century-old Romanov dynasty. -
The Red Terror was a two-year period of coercion, violence and extra-legal killing by the CHEKA (Bolshevik secret police), starting in 1918. -
He died at 53 years old and upon his death, Stalin was officially hailed as his successor as the leader of the ruling Communist Party and of the Soviet Union itself. -
A demonstration in Londonderry (Derry), Northern Ireland, by Roman Catholic civil rights supporters that turned violent when British paratroopers opened fire, killing 13 and injuring 14 others (one of the injured later died).