Russian Revolution

Reign of Czar Alexander III (1881-1894)

1881

~ contributed to anti semitism at the time
~ nobility liked the Czar because of his belief in absolute rule
~ his three principle aims were autocracy, orthodoxy, and national homogeneity
*set foundation for ppl not liking the czar

Russian Revolution

Period: 1881 to 1930

Abdication of Czar Nicholas II/ est. of Provisional Government

1894

~ this led to the Bolshevik Revolution
~ the czar had so much hate that he stepped down from being the czar
~ he does this after the loss of WWI´s guilt was put on him
*lead to the government not having to be in a time of change so they made a temporary government

Reign of Czar Nicholas II (1894-1917)

1894

~ he is the person in power when the russians revolt
~ believed that absolute power should stay in the monarchy
~ was blamed for all military failures during WWI because he didn't listen to his people
*created the Duma (a legislative) to make citizens happier with his rule

Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)

1904

~ japan had advantages because they had more ground troops and superior naval forces
~ war started because of disagreements over territory in northern china
~ russia lost the war and the citizens thought it was Czar Nick´s fault
*contributed to Czar Nick´s bad reputation/one reason the Czar created the Duma

Bloody Sunday

Jan 22, 1905

~ 200,00 workers marched on the Czar's Winter Palace because they wanted better living and working conditions
~ the Czar's police fired on the crow, killing 100 and injuring 3000
~ there was much internal strife and disorder
*the russian ppl were even more furious at their Czar, so he created the Duma four months later

Establishment of the Duma

Oct 30, 1905

~ Czar Nicholas II did not actually believe in what the Duma gave the citizens of France but he made it anyways because he thought this was the best way to win them over
~ the legislative body in the ruling assembly of Russia
~ he believed in absolute rule which is the opposite of what the Duma is
*Czar Nicholas II created it to improve his reputation after R-J War and Bloody Sunday

Russia's participation in WWI (1914-1918)

1914

~russians wanted to pull out earlier than they did but they blamed the czar for this
~russia had the largest army
~lacked enough resources
*the citizens blamed the Czar for not pulling out of the war sooner

Death of Rasputin

Dec 30, 1916

~rasputin claimed to be an exorcist and healer and Alexander´s wife believed as long as he was around his son never got hurt(had an in with the royal family)
~wrote a letter to Alexander´s wife right before he dies telling her that if her own family killed him, then her whole family would not survive two more years(predicted the future)
~he was assassinated by the nobility because they believed if he lived any longer the whole nation was in danger
*contributed to czarś bad reputation

Bolshevik Revolution (1917-1920)

1917

~in november of 1917, factory workers marched to the Winter Palace and named themselves the Red Guard
~in response, Lenin said that all of the farmland was to be distributed between peasants
~the bolsheviks made a treaty with Germany saying that they would stop the riots
~power of factories was given to workers
*the working class gained power and took some control away from the czar

Civil War (1918-1920)

1918

~ fighting was the Red Army and The White Army and its allies
~ red army supported communism and the white army was against it
~ as a result of the war, so many peasant casualties because they had to give their grain up so they starved
*the Red Army won but ruined their country because of the damage they did on the peasants

Stalin's rise to power (1922-1927)

1922

~manipulates his way into power despite Lenin's concerns
~by 1928, stalin is in total command of communist party
~trotsky exiled in 1929- later he'll be killed
~stalin will later become dictator of the Soviet Union
*stalin slowly moved to power , so it was hard to notice, but he kept going more and more power until he had total control, and he made sure that his opinions would be supported, which is smart

Establishment of USSR

Dec 30, 1922

~soviet union self-governing republic that discourages nationalism
~communist (former Bolshevik) party holds all power
*lenin dies in 1924 and it sets up competition over his replacement and it becomes stalin

Lenin's death

Jan 21, 1924

~lenin suffered a stroke and survived, but people started thinking about who would leaf the communist party
~stalin slowly rose to power and changed his name to mean man of steel
~before lenin dies, he wrote a letter saying that he though stalin was a dangerous man
~he died in 1924 and stalin became command of the communist party and then became dictator
*lenin warned people about stalin but he still became dictator and took away any power that the civilians had

Leon Trotsky's exile

1929

~trotsky was the leader of the Bolshevik red army
~he and stalin fought for power after lenin's death
~stalin had trotsky exiled in 1924 after stalin rose to power and trotsky was later killed
*eliminated threat to take power after lenin's death