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Nicholas II crowned Czar of Russia
On October 20th,1894, Czar Alexander III died. He died after a sudden illness. His son Nicholas II then became the ruler of Russia.Nicholas II, the last czar, was crowned ruler of Russia in the old Ouspensky Cathedral in Moscow. Nicholas was neither trained nor inclined to rule, which did not help the autocracy he sought to preserve in an era desperate for change. -
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Russian Revolution
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Czarina Alexandra finally gives birth to her son Alexei
Because the heir to the thrfone had to be a boy, the Czarand Czarina need to had a son. After having four girls they finally had a son. Although they thought their problem was fixed it wasnt. Their son has an illness called hemophilia. Internal bleeding caused pressure on joints and nerves, resulting in excruciating, unceasing pain. If the son were to die, there would no longer be an heir to the throne. -
Bloody Sunday
Bloody Sunday, also known as Red Sunday, was January 22, 1905. On that day a Russian Orthodox priest, Georgi Gapon led what was intended to be a peaceful workers' demonstration in front of the Winter Palace. When a protest broke out, the Cossacks shot into the crowd of demonstrators, killing about 150 people, including women and children. The bloodshed was so heavy that the snow-covered streets of St. Petersburg were stained red. -
The October Mafifesto
Nicholas faced the choice of establishing a military dictatorship or granting a constitution. Although both the Czar and his advising minister Sergey Yulyevich, Count Witte, had reservations it seemed to be the better choie. The October Manifesto was issued by Czar Nicholas II. It was a way to solve all of the problems that were caused by the Russian Revolution. Nicholas promised to guarantee civil liberties and establish the Duma. -
World War I begins
World War 1 began after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of the Austro-Hungarian empire was assassinated in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914 by a group of Serbian nationalists. This event began the struggle between Serbia and the Austro-Hungarian government. On July 26, 1914, the Austro-Hungarian officials issued an ultimatum to the Serbian government containing five major concessions. Once the time limit on the ultimatum had expired, Austro-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Germany supported Austro-Hungary. -
Czar Nicholas II assumes supreme command of the Russian Army
The Czar's decision to assume command of the Russian Army was made in spite of virtually unanimous cabinet opposition. They feared that any setbacks the Army suffered would reflect directly upon the Czar himself. For several months the Tsarina had been urging the Tsar to take this step. He had stood out against her suggestion because he did not like the idea of relieving the Grand-Duke Nicholas of the post he had been given. -
Rasputin is murdered
Rasputin was a monk that was brought to assist Tsar Nicholas II's son, Alexei. The son of the Tsar had hemophilia, and Rasputin was said to have mystical powers that could cure the boy's disease. Many accusations were made against him from rape to being a German spy during WWI. In the end he was stabbed, poisoned, shot, beaten and drowned by assassins who found he was difficult to kill when he survived attack after attack. -
Czar Nicholas II and his family are executed
The Tsar and his family were initially kept as prisoners near St. Petersburg and then transported beyond the Ural Mountains finally ending up in the town of Ekaterinburg in the Spring of 1918. The seven members of the imperial family and their small retinue were confined to the house of a successful local merchant.During the early morning hours of July 17 the Tsar, his wife, children and servants were herded into the cellar of their prison house and executed. -
Russian Civil War ends
The results of the civil war were horrifing. An estimated total number of men killed in action in Civil War and Polish-Soviet war was 300,000 (125,000 in the Red Army, 175,500 White armies and Poles) and total number of military personnel died from disease (on both sides) as 450,000.Although Russia experienced economic growth in the 1930s, the combined effect of World War I and the Civil War left a lasting scar in Russian society, and had permanent effects on the developing of the Soviet Union.
