-
The death of Alexander III
He died of a disease called Nephritis, which is an inflation of the nephrons in the kidneys. -
Nicholas II becomes the Tsar
He becomes Tsar after his father, Alexander III's, death. -
Period: to
Russian Revolution timespan
-
Leon Trotsky
He had humble beginnings as his father was a farmer. He completed his schooling and was drawn into a underground socialist circle. He was sent to Siberia for revolutionary activity, and escaped with a forged passport. The name on his fake passport was “Trotsky” he then kept the name. Because of more revolutionary activities, he was sent back to jail in 1907. Trotsky was arrested a third time in 1917 for being a Menshevik (left-wing Bolshevik), and he became a Bolshevik. He built up the Red Army. -
Empress Alexandra
She was the daughter of a German duke. She married Nicholas II and became a Tsarina. She greatly believed in Tsardom, which made her unpopular with the people of the Russia. Alexandra befriended Rasputin who was her son’s doctor. Gregory Rasputin used Alexandra to control the government. She was executed on July 16th, 1918. -
Karl Marx
Karl Marx was German born. To escape anti-Semitism, he turned Protestant. During his young adult life he stood in on socialist groups. He wrote several books expressing opinions against capitalism. His most popular piece was “The Communist Manifesto” and influenced most of the Russian Revolution. Marx himself was not alive during the Russian Revolution. Karl Marx on March 14th, 1883. -
Pyotr Stolypin
Pyotr was the son of a wealthy landowner. He became the Prime Minister to Nicholas II. Pyotr made is easier to convict revolutionists, and enabled peasants to be able to get more land. He was assassinated on Sept. 1st, 1911. -
Alexander Kerensky
Originally a lawyer, Kerensky was elected in the Duma in 1912. He created a provisional government to replace the overthrown government. Kerensky became a powerful figure in the government and forced the Bolsheviks to go underground. With that he arrested many leaders including Trotsky. His plan was to stay in WW1, which gave the support to the Bolshevik party. He escaped to Paris and then to the United States. His spent his life lecturing and writing until he died in 1970. -
Tsar Nicholas II
Tsar Nicholas II was the heir of Russia. While he was twenty-three he barely escaped an assassination in Japan. His father died in 1894. After that he took over the throne, and married a German princess named Alexandra. Both he and his wife were strongly against political reform and the westernization of Russia. He was thought to be novice ruler making many mistakes and ultimately making matter worse for Russia. He and his family were eventually killed by the Revolution. -
Vladimir Lenin
His childhood mostly consisted of schooling, which he expressed a great passion for. He finished first in his class. In 1887, Lenin’s brother was executed for conspiring to assassinate Alexander III. Vladimir became to the man of the family. Lenin studied many pieces of radical material. He became wrapped up with the writings of Karl Marx, and in 1889, he was a declared Marxist. Lenin was the frontrunner for the Revolution, and was responsible for organizing other Marxists together. -
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin was born in Georgia, Russia Empire. He was part of the Bolshevik party. Lead by Vladimir Lenin, he became part of the first Bolshevik Central Committee. In 1917, he served as commissar, and adopted the name “Stalin” meaning steel in Russian. In 1922, he served and General Secretary of the Central Committee, and after Vladimir Lenin’s death, he took over and pushed he opponents out of the political game. This was how he stayed in power for 29 years, until his death in 1953. -
Grigory Rasputin
Grigory Rasputin was a born of a peasant. Rasputin travelled around and made a living healing people his “powers.” Rasputin was introduced the Tsarina Alexandra, and used his healing techniques on her son, who suffered from hemophilia. From there on, Rasputin had influence on Russian policies, and many royal officials considered him a nuisance. Some officials conspired to kill Rasputin. He survived the poisoning. The conspirators, on last resort, shot a killed Rasputin. He died on Dec. 1916. -
Feliz Dzerzhinsky
Felix was the son of a Polish landowner. He organized trade unions for factory workers. He spent some time in Siberia. He played a role in the Revolution. In 1917 Lenin, appointed him Commissar for Internal Affairs. He started Red Terror, which was where countless socialists were shot without question. He died of a heart attack on July 20th, 1926. -
The Socialist-Revolutionary Party is Founded
The Socialist-Revolutionary Party was founded out of the Northern Union of Socialist Revolutionaries. The group brought a bunch of local socialist-revolutionaries that were formed already. -
Russo-Japan war
Japan and Russia had a long lasting feud that resulted into a war. Japan won over Russia in the war. -
Bloody Sunday
Bloody Sunday had over 200,000 workers went to the Winter Palace and presented a petition. They told the Tzar that they wanted better working conditions, medical benefits, more freedom, and a parliament. Many people got shot down and killed. -
Revolution of 1905
The revolution of 1905 was had many strikes. Over 2 million workers went on strike and started to revolt. -
Treaty of Portsmouth
This treaty marked the end of the Russo-Japanese war. Russian ended up giving over some of it's land and property. This was signed at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine. -
October Manifesto
Tsar Nicholas II signed in reaction to the Revolution of 1905. The manifesto gain people more civil liberties. The document also gave power to the First Duma. -
First Duma
May radical left parties boycotted the Duma, called a shell of a governmental reform that held no power. Which they weren't exactly wrong. The Tsar refused to share the power and dissovled the Duma on July 8, 1906. -
Pyotr Stolypin Becomes Prime Minister
First he dissolved the first Duma, then became the Prime Minister under Tsar Nicholas II. His main aim was to supress the revolutionists. He made it easier to convict and excute revolutionists. -
Second Duma
This the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks their earlier boycott and practically made up the entire Duma. The Prime Minister, Stolypin, forced the release of 55 social-democrats. The Tsar then changed the electoral law and made it so that landowners and wealthy people had a greater electoral value. -
Third Duma
This Duma actually ran a full five-year term. It was run a lot better, and consisted mostly of landowners and business men. The Duma was given the term "The Duma of the Lord and Lackeys." -
Stolypin's Death
He was assassinated by Dmitry Bogrov, who was a part of the Imperial Russia’s secret police. -
Fourth Duma
Members were displeased with the Tsar's full control of the military. During the the 1917 revolution, the Duma became the provisional government. By then, it split into the Bolshevik and the Menshevik party. -
Murder of Girgory Rasputin
A group of nobles conspired to kill the annoying monk. When great amounts of posion didn't work on killing him, the nobles took out their guns and killed him in cold blood. -
Tsar Nicholas II Abdicates
At the end of the February Revolution, Tsar Nicholas II chose to abdicate himself and his son. He gave his throne to his brother Grand Duke Michael, who would not accept the position until people could vote. -
February Revolution of 1917
The first troop fired at the people in the strike then became a part of them. They then gave weapons to them. Many people died and many were wounded. More people also found the will to become apart of the revolt. -
Provisional Government Takes Over
Right after the Tsar Nicholas II abdicated, Alexander Kerensky and the Duma turned into the Provisional Government. They declared Russia the Russian Republic. They had control of the power for eight months, til the Bolsheviks took over in November. -
The October Revolution of 1917
he October Revolution was led by Vladimir Lenin. The people planned the revolution and based the ideas off of Karl Marx’s “Marxism-Leninism”. -
Russia Pulls Out On WW1
After Lenin and the Bolshevik party takes over the government, their first major act is to call a cease-fire with Germany and pull out of the war. The war was hurting the already weakened Russia, so many citizens liked this move. -
Death of Nicholas II and His Family
The royal family were taken as prisoners and were kept in a merchants house. The reason for this is unquite obvious, they hated the royal family. The prisoners were there until one early morning they were rushed to the cellar and shot. -
The Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a war fought between the Bolshevik Red Army and the White Army. -
Russia in WW1
World War 1 put the Russian government into a very stressful position. Because of world war 1 Russia went into a depression. There was famine, the economy went down, and there were extreme shortages of goods. The government was weak and couldn’t control its soldiers. The soldiers started up a revolution against the Tsar. -
Stalin Becomes Ruler
The Bolshevik Revolutionist pushes out all opposing political leaders, including Leon Trotsky. Stalin becomes the only political leader and becomes a dicator. -
Exile of Trotsky
Since Lenin was out of the picture, Stalin pushed all opponents out of the race. He most worthy challenger was Trotsky who he sent into exile. -
Vladimir Lenin Dies
The leader of the Soviet Union and the Bolshevik Revolution died of a brain hemorrhage. He left the pedstal for Stalin and Trotsky.
