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Russian Revolution
The February Revolution of 1917 was the first of two revolutions in Russia in 1917. It caused the abdication of the Tsar Nicholas II, put an end to the Russian monarchy and led to the formation of a provisional Government.
This revolution was born as a reaction to the policy carried out by the Tsar, his refusal to give liberalizing political reforms and against the participation of Russia in the first world war.
The new regime resulted from an alliance between Liberals and Socialists. -
Bolsheviks Revolution
After many doubts by Bolshevik leaders, Lenin decided to act. His party was controlling the Petrograd Soviet and Trotsky, the other great Bolshevik leader, who led the military Revolutionary Committee, gave the order to assault the power the Red Guard, soldiers controlled by the party of Lenin. Upon arrival to power, the new Cabinet approved two decrees:
-Decree of peace
-Decree of the land -
Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a multiple armed conflict that took place between 1918 and 1920 in the territory of the Russian Empire dissolved, the new Bolshevik government and its Red Army, in power since the revolution of October 1917, and on the other side the military of the former Tsarist army and opponents of Bolshevism, grouped in the white movement.
Both sides had temporary allies, the Red Army with leftist and revolutionary groups, and White Army with many foreign armies. -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a separate peace treaty that the Soviet government was forced to sign, after almost six-month of negotiations, between the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic and the Central Powers marking Russia's exit from World War I. Signing of the treaty defaulted Russia's commitments on the Triple Entente alliance. -
Ending German War
End of the war: In this year with the participation of United States in the war and the appointment of Marshal Foch at the head of the troops, they finally capitulate Bulgaria, Turkey, Austria and Germany. There is the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and achieve their independence of Finland, Poland and Czechoslovakia, among other countries and endedthe first world war. -
NEP
The NEP was an economic policy proposed by Lenin. It was a new economic policy necessary after the Civil War to raise the economy of the country, which was almost ruined.
Allowing the establishment of private companies, the NEP allowed that small companies return to open for private profit while the State still controls foreign trade, banks and major industries. -
Lenin (2nd)
During the long illness of Lenin, Stalin controlled the information the world received about the Supreme Leader of the revolution, who apparently still retained command. During that time, Stalin took advantage to seize the bureaucratic stranglehold, nomenclature and to get rid of their opponents.
Brief time after the death of Lenin, Trotsky ( who had been the most popular of Soviet Communist leaders ) was expelled from the USSR and subsequently murdered in Mexico. -
Lenin (1st)
From 1920 he was experiencing brief loss of consciousness. In May 1922, he suffered a first heart attack. After his second heart attack in December of the same year he was paralyzed on the right side and lost speech. Thereafter he retired from politics and he was transferred to the village of Gorki. His illness was treated as a State secret and was hidden to the people. Lenin became a prisoner of Stalin, who actually handled the reins of power. -
The First Five-Year Plan
The First Five-Year Planwas a list of economic goals designed to make strength the economy of the Soviet Union between 1928 and 1932, eventually helping to make the country self-sufficient from the industrial and military point of view.
Launched by the Stalinist Government in 1928 and administered by Gosplan, the first five-year Plan employed tactics such as the maintenance of detailed records of each item manufactured in the Soviet Union to try to send it where it was needed in a given time. -
Collectivisation
Stalin announced compulsory collectivisation, enforced by the army. The peasants burned their crops and barns, and killed their animals. -
Collectivisation
Famine.
Stalin paused collectivisation and peasants were allowed to own a small plot of land. -
Collectivisation
Collectivisation re-started. By 1932 two-thirds of the villages had been collectivised. More resistance, burning/ killing. Meanwhile, the government took more food for the towns, -
Collectivisation
1932-1933
Famine in Ukraine where 5 million died. Stalin blamed, and declared war on, the Kulaks. Their land was taken and they were sent to labour camps in Siberia. -
Second Five-Year Plan
The second plan (1933-1938) focused on improving the living conditions of the population and emphasized self-sufficiency, especially, fundamental industry for war production. Industrial growth during the first ten years of planning, was spectacular: the iron and steel production multiplied by four and the of coal by three and a half.
This development in the industry base, allowed the conversion of the Soviet Union as a military power. -
Aim of Soviet Foreign Policy
In 1934 the Soviet Foreign Policy wanted to join the League of Nations.
On 14th December the USSR was expelled form the League of Nations in response to the Soviet's invasion to Finland. -
Agreements to help France support Czechoslovakia
On 1935 the Czechoslovak-Soviet Treaty of Alliance was signed between the two states. As the consequence of Soviet alliance with France. At the insistence of the Czechoslovak government, a protocol on the signing of the treaty stipulated that the treaty would go into force only if France gave assistance to the victim of aggression. However, France did not support Czechoslovakia in 1938 having signed the Munich agreement. -
Aim of the Soviet Union
The Soviet Union wanted to help the republicans in the Civil War against Franco. -
Nazi-Soviet pact
On 1939, representatives from Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union met and signed the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, which guaranteed that the two countries would not attack each other. By signing this pact, Germany had protected itself from having to fight a two-front war in the soon-to-begin World War II; the Soviet Union was awarded land, including parts of Poland and the Baltic States. The pact was broken when Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union less than two years later. -
The War of the Motherland
The war of the Motherland is the term given by the Soviets to the war against nazi Germany during the second world war.
The Soviet republics lost approximately 27 million people, in a war that began with the nazi invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, and ended with the fall of Berlin on May 3, 1945 at the hands of the Red Army. -
The USSR in the War World II
Nazi troops sought to capture first Moscow in the Center, then Leningrad in the North and later Stalingrad in the South.The Soviet command gave priority to the defense of Moscow, for which transferred its stationed troops in Siberia after defeat Japanese troops in some skirmishes on the border with Manchuria, with the help of Mongol troops was a Pact of non-aggression. The Soviet slogan was to retain these three key cities, which resisted until the end of the war. -
Operation Barbarossa
It was the plan named by Hitler to invade the Soviet Union. This operation opened the eastern front, which became the place of battles and brutal conflicts in Europe. Operation Barbarossa meant a hard attack to the unprepared Soviet forces. When the winter arrived the German's plan failed and the Red Army attacked.
