-
384 BCE
Aristotle
Aristotle was born in 384 BC in Stagira, Greece. He was a student in Plato's academy, and ended up becoming a teacher there himself. He was Alexander the great's tutor. He made his own school in Athens called the Lyceum after he wasn't chosen to be head of Plato's academy after Plato's death. He wrote about just about everything. He died 322 BC -
100
Ptolemy
Believed every planet in our solar system revolved around earth. He created the Ptolemaic system, mathematical model of the universe where the Earth is in the center. -
1473
Copernicus
Copernicus believed that the sun was at the center instead of the Earth. He made a model of this that wasn't completely right but set a foundation for future scientists to build on. -
1546
Tycho Brahe
Tycho Brahe work in developing astronomical instruments and in measuring and fixing the positions of stars paved the way for future discoveries. His observations the most accurate possible before the invention of the telescope included a comprehensive study of the solar system and accurate positions of more than 777 fixed stars. -
1564
Galileo
Italian astronomer Galileo provided a number of scientific insights that laid the foundation for future scientists. He investigated the laws of motion and made improvements on the telescope that helped further understanding of the world and universe. -
1570
Hans Lippershey
Made the telescope and asked for a 30 year patent. Even though so many people knew about the telescope and could easily make it he got the patent.The potential importance of the instrument in astronomy was recognized. And it was extremely important and without it astronomy would be very different. -
1571
Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler a German scientist discovered three major laws of planetary motion. (1) the planets move in oval like orbits with the Sun stationary at one point (2) the time necessary to travel over any arc of a planetary orbit is proportional to the area of the sector between the central body and that arc (the “area law”); and (3) there is an exact relationship between the squares of the planets’ periodic times and the cubes of the radii of their orbits (the “harmonic law”). -
Giovanni Cassini
During the Scientific Revolution, which took place between the 15th and 18th centuries Giovanni Cassini an Italian astronomer, engineer, and astrologer Made many important discovery's. the most important discovery was of the gaps in Saturn’s rings and four of its largest moons. -
Sir Isaac Newton
Newton published his laws of motion and universal gravitation in The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy.first law of motion states that ¨objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity, which can be zero, unless acted upon by an external force.¨ This law states that ¨the rate of change of momentum of a body is proportional to the resultant force acting on it, and will be in the same direction¨. Third law states that ¨the force on an object is always due to another object.¨ -
William Herschel
William Herschel discovered the planet Uranus, hypothesised that nebulae are composed of stars, and developed a theory of stellar evolution. He was knighted in 1816. -
Percival Lowell
Lowell decided to build an observatory to look at Mars when in drew closes to Earth. In search of the ideal place to study Mars, he selected Flagstaff, Arizona, where the high altitude, thin atmosphere and remote location would give him a good view of the planet. There he discovered canals and oases on Mars. -
Ejnar Hertzsprung
Ejnar Hertzsprung classified types of stars by relating their colour to their absolute brightness an accomplishment which is pretty important in modern astronomy. -
Albert Einstein
Einsteins theory stated that the laws of physics had to have the same form in any frame of reference. The theory also stated that the speed of light remained constant in all frames of reference. Later in 1905 Einstein showed how mass and energy were equivalent. Einstein was not the first to propose all the components of special theory of relativity. -
Edwin Hubble
Hubble noticed a pulsating star known as a Cepheid variable inside each one. Cepheid's are special because their pulsation allows for precise measurements of distance. Hubble calculated how far away each Cepheid lay — and thus how far to each nebula — and realised they were too distant to be inside of the Milky Way.
Astronomers realised that these nebulae were in fact galaxies like the Milky Way, each containing billions of stars -
Karl Jansky
Karl Jansky discovered radio waves from an extraterrestrial source inaugurated the development of radio astronomy, a new science that from the mid-20th century greatly extended the range of astronomical observations. -
Sputnik
Sputnik was world's first artificial satellite was about the size of a beach ball. The launch of Sputnik ushered in new political, military, technological, and scientific developments. While the Sputnik launch was a single event, it marked the start of the space age and the U.S.-U.S.S.R space race. -
Yuri Gagarin
On April 12, 1961 Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit Earth! The name of his spacecraft was Vostok 1. Vostok 1 had two sections. One section was for Yuri. The second section was for supplies needed for Gagarin to live such as oxygen and water. -
John Glenn
John Glenn was the first American to orbit the Earth, circling it three times in 1962. Glenn was a pilot in WWII and the Korean war. -
The Apollo Program
Apollo, project conducted by the U.S. (NASA) in the 1960s and ’70s that landed the first humans on the Moon. In May 1961 Pres. John F. Kennedy committed America to landing astronauts on the Moon by 1970. The first people on the moon was 1969 -
Neil Armstrong
Neil Armstrong the first person to set foot on the Moon on the Apollo 11 mission.Neil Armstrong was a civilian research pilot for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. -
First Shuttle Flight
Formally called the Space Transportation System (STS), it lifted off into space for the first time on April 12, 1981, and made 135 flights until the program ended in 2011. The U.S. space shuttle consisted of three major components: a winged orbiter that carried both crew and cargo; an external tank containing liquid hydrogen (fuel) and liquid oxygen (oxidizer) for the orbiter’s three main rocket engines and a pair of large, solid-propellant, strap-on booster rockets. -
Mars Pathfinder Expedition
Mars Pathfinder, robotic U.S. spacecraft launched to Mars to demonstrate a new way to land a spacecraft on the planet’s surface and the operation of an independent robotic rover. Developed by NASA as part of a low-cost approach to planetary exploration, Pathfinder successfully completed both demonstrations, gathered scientific data, and returned striking images from Mars. -
Cassini Orbiter
Cassini-Huygens, U.S.-European space mission to Saturn, launched on October 15, 1997. The mission consisted of the U.S. (NASA’s) Cassini orbiter, which was the first space probe to orbit Saturn, and the European Space Agency’s Huygens probe, which landed on Titan, Saturn’s largest moon. -
Difference between refracting and reflecting telescopes
Reflector telescopes use two mirrors instead of two lenses. A rainbow seen around some objects viewed with a refractor telescope. Light from an object enters the telescope tube and is reflected off a curved mirror at the end of the tube. -
Super blue blood moon
It was the first total lunar eclipse since 2015 and the first Blue Moon Blood Moon visible from the U.S. since 1866.A Blue Moon is when two full moons happen in the same calendar month; lunar eclipses occur when the moon passes into Earth's shadow; and super moons happen when the moon's perigee — its closest approach to Earth in a single orbit — coincides with a full moon. In this case, the super moon also happens to be the day of the lunar eclipse. (It wasn't blue)
