Rome

Rome is Founded

753 BCE

According to legend there are two theories as to how Rome was founded. The first one says that two brothers, Romulus and Remus, founded the city. It is said that Romulus killed Remus after arguing over who would lead. The second story states that a woman named Roma was traveling with a group of survivors after Troy had fallen. When the group of people landed on the banks of the Tiber River, Roma wanted to stay there, but the men wanted to move on. Roma burned the ships, forcing the group to stay

7 Kings of Rome

Period: 753 BCE to 509 BCE

For about the first 200 years of Rome's existence, it was led by a king. Over this span, seven different kings ruled. Romulus was the first, then Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius, Ancus Marcius, Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tullius, and lastly, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus. After the death of the last king, Lucius Junius Brutus led the movement to reform the government into a Republic.

The Punic Wars

Period: 264 BCE to 146 BCE

Although Rome began it's success through primarily trade, war is what made Rome very prominent in ancient times. The Punic Wars were the first large wars Rome was in. The Punic Wars were fought between Carthage and Rome in between 264-146 B.C. The three wars these cities fought ended in victory for Rome. These wars allowed Rome's military to grow and set the foundation for the powerful empire that would come.

Pompey captures Jerusalem

64 BCE

Pompey became allies with Hyrcanus II in order to take over Jerusalem. Many people did not want him to take it over, so he had the city by force. During the siege, Pompey destroyed the city of Jerusalem and damaged the Temple very badly. Pompey allowed his ally, Hyrcanus II, to govern the newly conqued land.

Julius Caesar defeats Pompey

45 BCE

At one point in time, the two men, Caesar and Pompey, were allies. Later on they got jealous of the power each had and became enemies. Once Cesar became ruler of Rome, he knew his only threat to his power was Pompey and he had to get rid of him. Pompey heard of this and immediately started training his troops. The two men fought and Pompey was defeated.

Julius Caesar assassinated

44 BCE

Five months after Caesar returned to Rome from a campaign against Parthia, he was assassinated. the two conspirators were Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, both former Pompeians who'd been pardoned by Caesar after the battle of Pharsalus.

Antony and Cleopatra are defeated by Octavian

31 BCE

The Senate of Rome outlawed Antony and they declared war on Cleopatra. Octavian's general was Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, and Antony had many of his officers and the presence of Cleopatra on her flagship. Agrippa easily outmaneuvered Antony, and Cleopatra was the first to flee, taking her sixty Egyptian ships with her. Antony followed her in a single ship, leaving the rest of his fleet to be destroyed.

Octavian becomes Caesar Augustus

27 BCE

Octavian handed over his power to the Senate, which then was given back to him in a new legal form, officially declaring him the princeps, instead of dictator, king, or triumvir; he was henceforth called Augustus. Absolute power was in Augustus's hands, but this was concealed by his use of the old governmental forms. Augustus's rule is often termed a principate, he was actually the first of the Roman emperors, and the beginning of the Roman Empire is officially dated at 27 BCE.

The Birth of Christ

1 BCE

Christ was borne in Bethlehem. His earthly parents were Mary and Joseph. He was born in a manger.

The Crusifixion of Christ

33

Jesus died for all of our sins on the cross. He gave up his life in order for us to have a chance of eternal life. He did this by dying on the cross. This was the most painful and most humiliating death to die.

Nero is named emperor

54

Nero took his position as emperor by murdering his way to the top. He first married Claudius to become emperor. After this he killed her.

The death of Nero

68

Nero fled and was being hid by one of his gaurds because he knew he would be killed. the guard was told that if he did not give Nero up he would be killed. so. Nero became an enemy of the people. He committed suicide the day after he was found.

Constantine becomes the first Christian emperor

305

Constantine is often credited to have converted the Roman empire to Christianity. He was the first emperor to declare their faith Christianity. This religion stuck and became the official religion of Rome.

Christianity is the official religion of Rome

380

Christianity was officially declared the main religion of Rome. This idea of a religion based nation was introduced after Constantine was emperor.

The sack of Rome

Period: 410 to 455

Rome was sacked my two Barberic tribes. The first tribe to sack Rome were the Visigoths. Rome was no longer the capital of the Western Roman Empire. The city of Rome retained a position as "the eternal city". The next tribe were the vandals. they were at war with the usurping Western Roman Emperor Petronius Maximus.

The Fall of Rome

476

May people believe that the split into an eastern and western empire governed by separate emperors caused Rome to fall. others believe that a combination of factors including Christianity, decadence, not having enough money, and military problems caused the Fall of Rome.