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63 BCE
Augustus, (Octavius) 1st Roman Emperor
the Roman Senate granted Octavian the name Augustus, meaning "the exalted." They also gave him the legal power to rule Rome's religious, civil and military affairs, with the Senate as an advisory body, effectively making him Emperor. -
42 BCE
Tiberius, 2nd Roman Emperor
Tiberius was one of Rome's greatest generals, whose campaigns in Pannonia, Illyricum, Rhaetia and Germania laid the foundations for the northern frontier. -
10 BCE
Claudius, Roman Emperor
the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy. -
3 BCE
Galba, Roman Emperor
He was the first emperor of the Year of the Four Emperors. Galba's primary concern during his brief reign was in restoring state finances, -
9
Vespasian, Roman Emperor
Vespasian was the founder of the short-lived Flavian dynasty, which ruled the Roman Empire between 69 AD and 96 AD. -
12
Caligula, Roman Emperor
more commonly known by his nickname Caligula, was the 3rd Roman Emperor who reigned from 16 March 37 until his assassination on 24 January 41. -
37
Nero, Roman Emperor
Nero was the last emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Nero became emperor with the consent of the Praetorian Guard. -
39
Titus, Roman Emperor
Titus succeeded his father Vespasian upon his death, thus becoming the first Roman Emperor to come to the throne after his own biological father. -
51
Domitian, Roman Emperor
Domitian was the third and last emperor of the Flavian dynasty. Domitian's youth and early career were largely spent in the shadow of his brother Titus, who gained military renown -
53
Trajan, Roman Emperor
Born in Spain, he was the first non-Italian to become head of the empire. Trajan served in the East, in Germany, and in Spain. -
76
Hadrian,14th Roman Emperor
He re-built the Pantheon and constructed the Temple of Venus -
86
Antoninus Pius, 15th Roman Emperor
He was one of the Five Good Emperors in the Nerva -
121
Marcus Aurelius, 16th Roman Emperor
As a young man he advanced through the cursus honorum—the customary succession of offices -
161
Commodus, Roman Emperor
He also ruled as co-emperor with his father Marcus Aurelius from 177 until his father's death in 180. -
188
Caracalla, Roman Emperor
A member of the Severan Dynasty, he was the eldest son of Septimius Severus and Julia Domna. -
193
Valerian, Roman Emperor
He was taken captive by Sassanian Persian king Shapur I after the Battle of Edessa, becoming the first Roman Emperor to be captured as a prisoner of war, -
204
Philip the Arab, Roman Emperor
He was born in present-day Syria to a Syrian father, and went on to become a major figure in the Roman Empire -
214
Aurelian, Roman Emperor
Born in humble circumstances, he rose through the military ranks to become emperor. During his reign, he defeated the Alamanni after a devastating war. -
244
Diocletian, Roman Emperor
Diocletian was one of the few emperors of the third and fourth centuries to die naturally and the first in the history of the empire to retire voluntarily -
250
Constantius Chlorus, Father of Constantine the Great
He was the father of Constantine the Great and the founder of the Constantinian dynasty. -
272
Constantine The Great, Roman Emperor
Best known for being the first Christian Roman emperor, Constantine reversed the persecutions of his predecessor, Diocletian, -
331
Julian the Apostate, Roman Emperor
a notable philosopher and author in Greek. His rejection of Christianity, and his promotion of Neoplatonic Hellenism in its place, caused him to be remembered as Julian the Apostate -
347
Theodosius the Great, Roman Emperor
Reuniting the eastern and western portions of the empire, Theodosius was the last emperor of both the Eastern and Western Roman Empire. -
363
Jovian Flavius Jovianus
General in Julian's army, proclaimed emperor by the troops upon Julian's death -
401
Leo I the Thracian, Byzantine Emperor
was a Byzantine Emperor who ruled from 457 to 474. He was known as Magnus Thrax (the "Great Thracian") by his supporters -
475
Romulus Augustus
His rule never extended beyond portions of the Italian peninsula. Not recognized by Eastern Emperor Zeno. -
483
Justinian I, East Roman Emperor
Justinian sought to revive the empire's greatness and reconquer the lost western half of the classical Roman Empire. -
750
Irene of Athens, Byzantine Empress
Devoted to the Orthodox Church, she bent most of her efforts to suppressing iconoclasm. -
1404
Constantine XI, Last Byzantine Emperor
was the last reigning Byzantine Emperor, reigning as a member of the Palaiologos dynasty from 1449 to his death in battle at the fall of Constantinople.