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Underground Railroad
Underground Railroad
-network of people who helped slaves escape to the North and Canada
-homes where slaves would hide were reffered to as depots and stations adn were run by stationmasters
-people who contributed goods were stockholders and the conductor would move slaves from one station to the next
-they would also travel by boat or train if needed, and people would donate money to improve the appearance of the runaways -
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Mexican American War
Mexican American War
-Annexing of texas was a key factor in the war
-General Taylor took a troop of 1500 to the Rio Grande
-captured Mexico City and forced it to the sucession of its nothern territories to the US
-exchange $18 million and forgave debt owed, for land -
Wilmot Proviso
Wilmot Proviso
-Created by David Wilmot
-proposed that in any territory the US gained from Mexico, "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist"
-Nothern Democrats and Whigs passed in the House, but Senate would'nt vote
-John C. Calhoun argued all states owned US territories, and Americans settling there had the right to bring slaves; Congress had no power to ban slavery
-if north ignored souths concerns, Civil War would break out -
Compromise of 1850
Compromise of 1850
-Californians petitioned for admission to the Union as a free state, wanting to change the sectional balance of 15 free states and 15 slave states
-Clay presented resolutions that would hope to preserve the union
-9 delegates from slave states had a convetion urging succession of slavery and involved extending the free-slave boundaries of the missouri compromise
-Fillmore used 5 different bills to create section balance -
Fugitive Slave Act
Fugitive Slave Act
-enacted to assist the south with maintaining a hold on slaveholders property
-a captured runaway slave could not testify on his behalf and could not get a court trial
-there was a $10 fee for every slave returned to his owner, and the fee was reduced to $5 if the slave was released
-the passing of this law enraged many in the North -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Uncle Tom's Cabin
-first ran as a newspaper series, then a year later came out as a book and sold over 300,000 copies
-wrote about the victims of the Fugitive Slave Act
-led to anitslavery sentiment in the North, however, it angered Southerners
-had such an impact, people say it started the Civil War -
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Bleeding Kansas
Bleeding Kansas
-abolitionists from the North moved several thousand settlers to Kansas in hope to vote it a free state later
-Missourans voted against the free state because they didnt like the idea of free african americans living in their neighborhood; the vote count was twice the number of registered voters
-January 29, 1961- Kansas became a free state in the union
-few months later the Battle of Fort Sumter started the Civil War -
Kansas-nebraska Act
Kansas-Nebraska Act
-Nebraska territory split into Nebraska and Kansas
-it opened new territories and changed the missouri compromise
-chose if they wanted the territory to have slavery or not by Popular Sovereignty
-purpose was to open up new farm lands, and create a transcontinental territory
-pro and anti slavery people fled to Kansas to debate what kind of state it would become, causing argument; became anti-slavery -
Ostend Manifesto
Ostend Manifesto
-southerners did not want freed slaves close to their shores and others thought they should extend the Manifest Destiny into Cuba
-in 1854, 3 diplomats met in Ostend, Belgium and talked about acquiring Cuba from spain
-they warned that they would have to give Cuba up or the US would take it by force
-the price of $120 million was proposed -
Caning of Charles Sumner
Caning of Charles Sumner
-Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts delivered a speech accusing pro-slaver senators of formcing Kansa into the ranks of slave states
-Representative Preston Brooks later approached Sumner at his desk in the Senate chamber and beat Sumner leaving him to bleed on the floor
-people considered Brooks a hero -
Dred Scott Decision
Dred Scott Decision
-Dred Scott, a slave of army officer. Moved to free state of Illinois and then Wisconsin.
-had to move back to MIssouri and lost his freedom
-went to trial to ffight for his freedom since he had been free before; went all the way to the Supreme Court
-Scott was not granted his freedom and would remain a slave
-ruled congress could not stop slavery in any new states and deemed the MIssouri Compromise unconstitutional -
John Brown's Raid
John Brown's Raid
-John Brown led a group of 21 people over the Potomac River from Mayland to Virginia
-goal was to capture the stash of weapons hidden by the US Arsenal at Harper's Ferry
-wanted to destroy slavery in the south
-tried to cut the telegraph wire to isolate the town form the rest of the world but were no successful
-his raid and trial made the North and South slavery differences greater
