-
Bolshevik Takeover
Factory workers joined sailors from the Russian fleet and attacked the Provisional government. After a week of fighting the Bolsheviks took over Moscow and made it their capital, and made Kremlin their headquarters. Workers were given control of factories and mines. Private ownership ended and the land was distributed to the peasants. -
Creation of Fascist Party
Known as the Fascist Party, Mussolini's new right-wing organization advocated Italian nationalism, had black shirts for uniforms, and launched a program of terrorism and intimidation against its leftist opponents. -
Russian Civil War
In March Russia signed the Treaty of Brest Litovsk with the Germans, giving up huge chunks of territory and its population in the East in order to end the fighting on the Eastern Front. Japan seized land in East Asia. Bitain and France and the U.S, sent forces to help the whites (citizens loyalto the czar). -
March on Rome
The 1922 March on Rome was to establish Mussolini and the Fascist Party he led, as the most important political party in Italy. Fascists would be brought into Rome from all over Italy.
All-important public buildings would be taken over including those outside of Rome in the important cities in the north.
Mussolini would demand the resignation of the government and that a new Fascist government be allowed to take over.
Armed Fascist were ready to takeover if the government didnt listen. -
N.E.P.
The N.E.P. or New Economic policy was adopted by Lenin. Itkept the government in control of banks, and foreign trade' but the NEP allowed small businesses to reopen for private profit. -
Collectivization
Stalin wanted to destrot the wealthy peasants, or kulaks so he to away their land and sent them to labor camps. They hadonly grown enough crops to feed themselves and the government seized all grain leaving them to starve. Along with poor harvests, this led to an awful famine and between 5 and 8million deaths. -
Five Year Plan
Stalin introduced the Five Year Plans. This brought all industry under state control and all industrial development was planned by the state. The state would decide what would be produced, how much would be produced and where it should be produced. An organization called Gosplan was created to plan all this out. Each plan set a target which industries had to meet. Each factory was set a target which it had to meet. -
Invasion of Manchuria
-
Invasion of Ethiopia
Mussolini, ordered Italian troops to invade Ethiopia. The Italian Fascist government had embarked upon a policy of colonial expansion in northeast Africa. Haile Selassie, the Emperor of Ethiopia, appealed to the League of Nations for assistance to halt Italian aggression. Canada, along with Britain and France, refused to support military intervention to defend Ethiopian security. -
The Great Purges
Joseph Stalin staged a series of public trials in Moscow. These were known as "show trials." Former communist leaders confessed to all crimes to stop from being tortured to sace their families. Convicts from the trials were sent to labor camps in Siberia known as Gulags, where they were exiled,tortured and killed. -
Rape of Nanjing
Soldiers searched door-to-door for young girls, with many women taken captive and gang raped. The women were often killed immediately after the rape, often through explicit mutilation or by stabbing a bayonet, long stick of bamboo or other objects into the vagina. Young children were not exempt from these atrocities, and were cut open to allow Japanese soldiers to rape them. -
Nazi Soviet Nonagression Pact
This agreement stated that the two countries - Germany and the Soviet Union - would not attack each other. If there were ever a problem between the two countries, it was to be handled amicably. The pact was supposed to last for ten years; it lasted for less than two. -
Signing of Berlin,Rome and Tokyo Axis
The Rome Berlin Axis was made to ensure that high powers in countries, such as Rome, Berlin and Tokyo, if attacked would have sufficient help from other countries, who would help defend the countries inside the Rome-Berlin Axis.
