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Segregation
Segregation is the practice of requiring separate housing, education and other services for people of color. Segregation was made law several times in 19th- and 20th-century America as some believed that Black and white people were incapable of coexisting. -
focus on Jim Crow laws (what were they, where were they enforced)
The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws introduced in the Southern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation, "Jim Crow" being a pejorative term for an African American. Such laws remained in force until 1965. -
Sept 1957 Little Rock Arkansas - Little Rock nine
In 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that racially segregated schools were illegal. Brown v. Board of Education has become a landmark case for Americans because it marked the official beginning of the end of segregation. The Little Rock nine is a symbol of this change. -
1954 - Brown Vs Board of Education
On May 17, 1954, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren delivered the unanimous ruling in the landmark civil rights case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. State-sanctioned segregation of public schools was a violation of the 14th amendment and was therefore unconstitutional. -
1955 - Rosa Parks and Montgomery bus boycott
Against the bus system of Montgomery, Alabama, by civil rights activists and their supporters that led to a 1956 U.S. Supreme Court decision declaring that Montgomery’s segregation laws on buses were unconstitutional. The 381-day bus boycott also brought the Rev. -
Importance on non-violent protests - Mahatma Ghandi - Martin Luther King
As a theologian, Martin Luther King reflected often on his understanding of nonviolence.In his first book, Stride Toward Freedom, King wrote, is “a courageous confrontation of evil by the power of love” . King believed that “the Christian doctrine of love operating through the Gandhian method of nonviolence was one of the most potent weapons available to oppressed people in their struggle for freedom” -
1960 - Greensboro sit-ins
The Greensboro sit-in was a civil rights protest that started in 1960, when young African American students staged a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, and refused to leave after being denied service. Though many of the protesters were arrested for trespassing, disorderly conduct or disturbing the peace, their actions made an immediate and lasting impact, forcing Woolworth’s and other establishments to change their segregationist policies. -
1963 March on Washington - (I have a dream speech)
On the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., the African American civil rights movement reaches its high-water mark when Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his "I Have a Dream" speech to about 250,000 people attending the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. The demonstrators—Black and white, poor and rich—came together in the nation’s capital to demand voting rights and equal opportunity for African Americans and to appeal for an end to racial segregation and discrimination. -
1963 - Martin Luther King arrested and jailed - letter from Birmingham jail
The "Letter from Birmingham Jail", also known as the "Letter from Birmingham City Jail" and "The Negro Is Your Brother", is an open letter written on April 16, 1963, by Martin Luther King Jr. The letter has been described as "one of the most important historical documents penned by a modern political prisoner",and is considered a classic document of civil disobedience -
1964 - President Johnson signs Civil rights Act of 1964
This act, signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on July 2, 1964, prohibited discrimination in public places, provided for the integration of schools and other public facilities, and made employment discrimination illegal.