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The Texans, under the command of Stephen F. Austin, arrived at San Antonio in mid-October and laid siege to the town. In early December, they attacked, gaining control of the city on the ninth. The Mexican General, Martin Perfecto de Cos, surrendered and by December 12 all Mexican forces had left the town.
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The first shots of the Texas Revolution were fired here. The Mexican army was ordered to go to Gonzales to get a cannon. The Mexican army was confronted by Texan rebels, who flew a banner reading, "COME AND TAKE IT".
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The Mexicans were forced to retreat into San Antonio, giving Jim Bowie, James Fannin, and the rebels their first victory.
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Stephen F. Austin attempted to create a temporary government by asking each district to send representatives to a "Permanent Council" at San Felipe. These representatives issued appeals to stir up support across Texas and in the United States.
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Sam Houston was the first president of the Republic of Texas, and his vice president was Mirabeau Lamar. Sam Houston selected Houston as the capital of Texas.
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Delegates from all over Texas met at Washington-on-the-Brazos for a Congress.
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Ignoring orders from General Sam Houston, the defenders remained in the Alamo as Santa Anna's massive Mexican army approached and laid siege in February of 1836. On March 6 they attacked. In less than two hours the Alamo was overrun. All of the defenders were killed, including Davy Crockett, William Travis, and Jim Bowie. After the battle, "Remember the Alamo!" became a rallying cry for the Texans.
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Santa Anna decided to divide his army in three. He left one part to guard his supply lines, sent another to try and catch the Texas Congress and set off in the third to try and mop up the last pockets of resistance, most notably Sam Houston's army of some 900 men. Although Mexico would try to re-take Texas in the future, San Jacinto essentially sealed Texas' independence.
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Memucan Hunt formally proposed the annexation of Texas to the administration of Martin Van Buren. Secretary of State John Forsyth quickly rejected the offer on the grounds that it would involve the U.S. in a war with Mexico and the annexation of an independent foreign nation would be unconstitutional.
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Mirabeau Lamar becomes the second president of the Republic of Texas.
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President Lamar chose to relocate the states capital to Austin, Texas in honor of Stephen F. Austin and in hopes to expand westward.
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The first major feud to break out in Texas was born during Texas’ days as a republic. Also known as the Shelby County Property War.
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The expedition left Austin under the command of General Hugh McLeod. The expedition soon turned into a disaster. Overall, the Santa Fe Expedition ruined all hope of establishing trade relations with New Mexico.
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The U.S. Senate defeated the annexation treaty by a vote of 35 to 16.
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Texans approved annexation by a 4,254 to 267 margin and the constitution by a vote of 4,174 to 312.
