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French & Indian War (15 Mar. 1754-18 Oct. 1763)
The war had started on the western frontier;
The Native Americans/Indians had sided with the french because the French just wanted to trade and had no desire to take their land... side-by-side the French & Indians fought agains tthe Brits. and the (American) colonists. G. Washington had fought alongside the British against the French & Native Americans. -
Albany Plan of Union
This was a plan to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by B. Franklin, a senior leader (age 45) & also a delegate from Pennsylvania, at the location of the Albany Congress in July 10, 1754 in Albany, New York. JOIN OR DIE -
(Royal) Proclamation Line
Issued by King George III, following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War, which basically drew an invisible line along the Appalachian Mountains (Native Americans get land North of Appalachian Mountains), the colonists were angry and confused as of why they weren't allowed to move for their needs. -
Sugar Act
This act had put a tax on sugar & molasses that was imported into the colonies which had impacted the manufacture of rum in New England. The colonists were angry because they needed the sugar for trade, farming, and even brewing... the effect of the Sugar Act on colonists was an economic impact as well as the constitutional issue of taxation without representation. -
Stamp Act "DIRECT TAX"
The Stamp Act was imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used. Ship's papers, legal documents, licenses, newspapers, other publications, and playing cards were taxed. This was a direct tax because it had affected EVERYONE... there was an uproar in the Colonies over an issue that was to be a major cause of the Revolution: taxation without representation. -
Boston Massacre
Summary: This is described as this horrendous act of the British killing 5 innocent civilian colonists in the street when the colonists were not innocent.
Effect: The effect from the Boston Massacre resulted in the colonies coming together as one in the fight against Britain. The continuous conflicts between the colonists and the Redcoats had tension increasing every fight because of the British government trying to increase the control over the colonies and raise taxes at the same time. -
Boston Tea Party
Colonists had resisted the British(taxation on tea,etc.) and had thrown over 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor. The colonists believed the taxations of British imports were unfair (on the colonies). This led to The Intolerable Acts which was created to punish the colonists. -
Intolerable Acts
The Intolerable Acts were created/set in place to basically punish the people in the Boston area because of the Boston Tea Party, but it actually punished everyone in the colonies not just Boston. -
First Continental Congress
In response to the Intolerable Acts, delegates from the colonies (except Georgia) met to discuss the British control over the colonies. In response the Declaration of Independence was drafted and the men agreed to meet in one year to see the progress made. This formed after the people had began to resist the taxes. -
Lexington & Concord
"Shot Heard 'Round the World"
This was the 1st official battle between the military forces in the American Revolutionary War. This battle had began the American Revolution; these battles had marked the beggining of the war between Great Britain and the 13 colonies.
In Lexington the Minutemen had surprised the Brits (when the Brits arrived, they then realized that the Minutemen had been waiting for them) & had won the battle.
GO MINUTEMEN -
Olive Branch Petition
The 2nd Continental Congress wrote the Olive Branch Petition & sent it to the King of England in an attempt to declare their independence but to also avoid war. The king had refused to read it (snubbed his nose at it) and the colonists were aggravated.
The colonists soon are able to declare their independence but only gain it by proving the Brits wrong and winning the wars. -
Common Sense
Written by Thomas Paine, a pamphlet created to pursuade the people of the colonies to break free from Britain.
(ALL THE REASONS THEY SHOULD BREAK FREE FROM BRITAIN.) -
Declaration of Independence
This was a formal document that simply stated the colonies independence from Britain. The colonists had written this to explain their motives for declaring themselves independent. Life, Liberty, & Property = Life, Liberty, & the Pursuit of Happiness -
Battle of Saratoga (19 Sept. 1777- 7 Oct. 1777)
The battle of Saratoga is considered to be the most significant battle... Gen. Burgoyne’s troops were forced to surrender to Gen. Gates at Saratoga and was the largest American victory. This battle is considered to be the turning point in which the colonists now have the confidence to defeat Britain for their independence. -
Battle at Guilford Courthouse
Though British troops were under command of Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis (1738-1805), they had scored a tactical victory at the Guilford Courthouse over the American forces under the command of Major General Nathanael Greene (1742-86), & the British suffered a significant troop loss during the battle. -
(Battle of) Yorktown
The Battle at Yorktown was the LAST battle of the American Revolutionary War. After two days of negotiation, the surrender ceremony took place on October 19, Cornwallis was absent since he claimed to be ill. With the capture of over 7,000 British soldiers, negotiations between the United States and Great Britain had began. The negotiations resulted in the Treaty of Paris in 1783. This was a French-American victory... -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris is when Britain had finally recognized the independence of the Thirteen Colonies. Borders were drawn, Florida was returned to Spain, and the British troops were forced to leave the colonies.