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1304
Humanism
The scholarly study of Greek and Latin classic sand the ancient church fathers to try to bring back the ancient values. This lead to people trying to become a well rounded person during the renaissance. There were places that you could learn about humanism like the Florentine academy which was not a school but just a gathering. -
Jun 20, 1304
Petrarch
Petrarch was Italian scholar and poet in Renaissance Italy. He was also named the creator of Humanism. He came up with the idea of the "Dark Ages". -
1400
Perspective
Perspective change the game completely during the Renaissance period. This was where there were rational order, symmetry, proportionality, and linear perspective in the art. These gave it a 3D look. Many of the famous artists of this time used them and would use them to make things look real. -
Jan 1, 1449
Lorenzo de Medici
Lorenzo was a ruler of the Florentine Republic, who was the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of the Renaissance. He was big into arts so he brought art into Florentine. He paid great artists like Michelangelo to do their work. -
Apr 15, 1452
Leonardo da Vinci
He was the ideal renaissance man by being a painter, advisors for kings, engineer, physiologists, and a botanists. Leonardo had many other trades as well. He painted one of the most known paintings of today which is the Mona Lisa. -
1466
Desiderus Erasmus
Desiderus was one of the major religious scholars of the age. HE wrote text on many subjects including a new Greek edition of the Bible. He called the translation the Vernacular. He was disturbed by the corruption of the church and sought for religious reforms. -
Feb 29, 1468
Pope Paul III
The Pope was a great patron of the arts and employed nepotism to advance the power and fortunes of his family. He was the pope during the time of the protestant reformation and the counter reformation. Pope Paul III was the last of the Renaissance popes. -
May 3, 1469
Niccolo Machiavelli
Machiavelli was a diplomat, politician, historian, philosopher, humanist, and a writer. He wrote the book " The Prince" and that was about how to become a successful leader. He thought you must do anything by any means just to be a successful leader. -
May 21, 1471
Albrecht Durer
He was a was an engraver. He engraved in metals using the Renaissance painting techniques. Most of his work portrayed religious belief and were realistic. -
Feb 19, 1473
Nicholuas Copernicus
The Europeans accepted that the Earth was the center of the universe, by which the was a Church doctrine. Copernicus challenged that and said that the sun was the center. He made a heliocentric model that was rejected by the church but he and other people knew he was right. -
Mar 6, 1475
Michangelo
He created the 18 foot Sculpture of David and the Sistine Chapel which was 10,00 sq. feet and had 343 figures. It took him 4 years to complete. He was a sculptor, painter, architect, and a port. -
Feb 7, 1479
Thomas More
Thomas was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, and statesman. He also was an humanists who pushed for social reforms. In his writing "Utopia" everyone was educated and there was justice for all. -
Mar 28, 1483
Raphael
Raphael lived most of his life as a nomad but he spent most of his time in Florence. He was a painter and architect. One of his largest works was the School of Athens. -
Nov 10, 1483
Martin Luther
Martin was a German monk and a professor that sparked a revolt in 1517. He was angered by the sells of indulgences and said they had no place in the Bible so he wrote the 95 Theses. The 95 theses spread quickly throughout Europe. -
Jun 2, 1489
Thomas Cranmer
He was a leader of the English Reformation and the Archbishop of Canterbury. Thomas drew up "The Book of Common Prayer" which was a required reading at all Anglican services. He helped Henry VIII annulment his marriage. -
1500
Sale of Indulgences
Churches had to make money so they came up with a way to make it but it was not truthful. Most churches charged fees for services like baptisms and marriages but others sold indulgences. This was the time a person spent in purgatory before going to heaven. The sale of these also lead to the reformation. -
Jun 10, 1509
John Calvin
Calvin was a French born priest and lawyer who strongly influenced by the Reformation ideas. He accepted most of Luther's ideas but added his own belief in predestination. He said that God chose if you were going to have external salvation before long ago. He said there were only two kinds of people saints and sinners. Geneva, Switzerland invited him to lead their community. -
Jun 28, 1527
Henry VIII
Henry was the cause of the England Reformation due to his process of trying to divorce his first wife Catherine because he wanted a son which she could not five him same as his next wife Anne Boleyn. The Church would not let him get a divorce so he took control of the church and made it possible. He had six wifes and a few children but the most important one his son Edward. -
Sep 7, 1533
Elizabeth I
In 1555, she took the throne and would unite England and avoid the future religious wars. She compromised between Catholics and Protestants. Elizabeth made sure she was not put at the top of the Anglican Church. She made the Service translated from Latin to English. -
1539
Heliocentric Theory
This theory was not accepted for awhile because it went against the churches idea of the Earth being at the center. But when it came about it sparked interest through a few people. It never came to be proven until there was actual evidence on it. -
1550
Printing Revolution
The printing press had change a tremendous amount of things but also made it easier on the common poor people. The most common printed book was the bible. Once people read the bible for them selves and not the church telling what they wanted to tell them it lead to the reformation. Over 200 cities in Europe had the printing press. -
1550
Scientific Meathod
The scientific method was created by Fancis Bacon. This was a way to theorize by using this method and being correct or finding what is wrong. You could do these steps in any way. The steps were hypothesize, experiment, analyze data, and draw a conclusion. -
1564
Galileo Galilei
Galileo was a Italian polymath who turned philosophy into to modern science. He backed up the theory heliocentric but was told it was foolish and geocentrism was The right view. He studied gravity, speed, and velocity. -
William Shakespeare
William was one of the towering literature figures of the northern Renaissance. Between 1590 to 1613 William wrote 37 plays. He studied the complexity of an individual and he added 1,700 words to the English language. -
Isaac Newton
Isaac was the key figure to the scientific revolution. He was an English mathematician, astronomer, and physicist. Newton came up with the principles law of motion and universal gravity which lead to the study of the universe more dept.
