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he was martyred at Rome
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Within the reign of Marcus Aurelius, his persecution, led to violent natural disasters.
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Persecution under Septimius Severus, who wanted a religion within the Empire.
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St. Lucian founded the School of Antioch a great influence on biblical studies.
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Gallienus issued an edict of toleration which ended general persecution for nearly 40 years.
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Baptism and death of Constantine.
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Muslims began the conquest of Spain.
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A council of more than 300 Byzantine bishops endorsed Iconoclast errors.
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Christian forces captured Saragossa, Spain; the beginning of the Muslim decline in that country.
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Innocent the third called for a crusade, the first in Christendom itself, against the Albigensians
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For a period of approximately 70 years, seven popes resided at Avignon because of unsettled conditions in Rome
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The fall of Constantinople to the Muslims.
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Elizabeth I was excommunicated. Penal measures against Catholics subsequently became more severe.
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Catholics were banned from Scandinavia.
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Catholics in England were relieved of some civil disabilities dating back to the time of Henry VIII, by an act which permitted them to acquire, own and inherit property. Additional liberties were restored by the Roman Catholic Relief Act of 1791
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Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia, crowned king of Italy after defeating Austrian and papal forces, marched into Rome in 1870 and expropriated the Papal States after a plebiscite in which Catholics, at the order of Pius IX, did not vote.
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Ecumenical Council of the Vatican (II). It formulated and promulgated 16 documents — two dogmatic and two pastoral constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations — reflecting pastoral orientation toward renewal and reform in the Church
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Charlemagne was crowned Emperor by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day.
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Muslims invaded Italy and attacked Rome.