-
100
Epistles were made
14 of these were written by, or at least attributed to, Saint Paul. -
100
John's gospel is written
-
Period: 100 to
Christians of the Roman Empire
-
110
the Church is named Catholic
Saint Ignatius of Antioch referred to the Church as the Catholic Church because it included people of all races, languages, and nationalities. Catholic mean "universal." -
251
Anthony of Egypt (251-356)
Helped bring together a solitary group of hermits and start a community of living holy lives. -
300
Monasticism begins
Anthony of Egypt brought a group of hermits together to live in a community, suppoerting each other in leading holy lives. -
303
Diocletian begins the Great Persecution 303-311
He issued edicts, or order, beginning a terrible time for Christians; this time is now called the Great Persecution; continued until his succcessor Galerius in 311 -
312
Emperor Constantine's Ruling 312-337
After winning a great battle, he believed the victory was won when remembering the cross on their shields and banners,(Thought that God was helping them)
-issued the Edict of Milan
-made Rome a Christian city
-built basilica over tomb of Saint Peter
-gave government buildings to Christians for worship space
-made Sundays a government holiday, made Christmas and Easter official holidays
-worked to restore holy places in Jerusalem
-banned many forms of pagan worship (worship of false gods) -
313
Constantine issues the Edict of Milan
This provided religious tolerance for Christians in the Roman Empire. He also returned Church property that had been seized during the Great Persecution. -
325
1st council in Nicaea
Organized by Constantine, 200 bishops met in Nicaea (in modern day Turkey) to settle a dispute caused by Arian heresy (believed Jesus wasn't fully divine). Arian heresy was condemned and the Nicene Creed was made. -
347
St. John Chrysostom (347-407)
One of the Fathers of the Church; Preached the word; name means, "golden mouthed." -
347
St. Jerome (347-420)
One of the Fathers of the Church' translated the BIble from Greek and Hebrew to Latin -
367
First written list of New Testament books
This evidence was found in a letter written by Saint Athanasius (about 296-373), the bishopo of Alexandria, Egypt. -
431
3rd council in Ephesus
Council in Ephesus, now modern day Turkey, dealt with more heresy; condemned Nestorius, affirmed Mary gave birth to Jesus and could be truily called the Mother of God. -
451
4th council in Chalcedon
The greatest ecumenical council of the first four; affirmed the teaching of Pope Leo the Great that Jeses was one person with 2 natures -
466
Clovis, King of the Franks (466-511)
A pagan leader, or barbarian, who lived in a Roman province called Gaul (now in France). Converted to Christianity after being impressed by the kindess and virtue of the monks and nuns. He laid the foundation for a new Christian empire in what was the western part of the world. -
570
Muhammad (570-632)
Followers called Muslims; great armies arose in Arabia and conquered much of the Middle East, including the holy sites in Jerusalem; conquered Christian areas of Northern Africa and later, Spain -
Jan 1, 1000
Muslims take Holy Land
Muslims take over the Holy Land from 100-1200 -
Jan 1, 1054
The Catholic church is seperated
Due to a lot of political and cultural differences, the eastern and western parts of the Roman Empire, clouded the unity in faith, the western part became the Roman Catholic Church and the eastern part became the Eastern Catholic Churches, now the Eastern Orthodox Church. -
Jan 1, 1073
Pope Gregory VII Guides the Church 1073-1085
He started what we call "the Gregorian reforms" forbade lay investiture, banned simony, and more. -
Jan 1, 1090
Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153)
Founded the Cistercian order; monks followed an extremely strict rule of prayer, manual labor, and simple living -
Jan 1, 1095
Pope Urban II starts crusade
He organized a crusade taht helped "take back the cross," helping free the Holy Land. -
Jan 1, 1097
4 Major Crusades
from 1097-1204 -
Jan 1, 1099
First Crusade saves Jerusalem
First Crusade took control of Jerusalem and the surrounding lands. -
Jan 1, 1187
Jerusalem falls again
Muslim general Saladin takes Jerusalem -
Jan 1, 1198
Pope Innocent III
marked the high point of the papal power -
Jan 1, 1204
Fourth Crusade attacks Constantinople
As crusades lost their true intentions for fighting they attacked and killed many people in Constantinople. There was no good reason for the attack. -
Jan 1, 1215
Pope Innocent III forms council
Formed the Fourth Lateran Council which discussed every aspect of Catholic life. -
Jan 1, 1231
Pope Gregory IX maks the Inquisition
Set up an official court called the Inquisition, in which the court investigated people accused of being heretics. -
Jan 1, 1252
Suspected heretics are tortured
Tortured during the pontificate of Pope Innocent IV to make them confess. -
Jan 1, 1300
late Middle Ages 1300-1500
Time of disease, disorder, and change. -
Jan 1, 1305
Pope Clement V's Papacy
1305-1314 Rather than moving to Rome, the French pope lived in Avignon -
Jan 1, 1377
Pope Gregory XI moves Papacy to Rome
-
Jan 1, 1453
Muslims take Constantinople
Muslim Turks take over Christian capital Constantinople -
Jan 1, 1468
Antonio Montesino
1468- 1530); Spanish Dominican who boldly defended the human rights of America's native peoples who were being endlaved and were wrongly treated. -
Jan 1, 1474
Bartolome de las Casas
1474-1566; defended the human rights of America's native peoples who were being enslaved and were wrongly treated -
Jan 1, 1478
Sir Thomas More
1478-1535; Lord chancelor of England; did not atend coronation of King Henry's second wife. -
Jan 6, 1483
Martin Luther
1483-1546 Augustinian priest who was angered by abuses and scandals that he was in the Church, created the Ninety-five Theses and went to the pope for change, was excommunicated in 1520, and had a Christian community called Lutherans, be born and followed his beliefs -
Jan 1, 1484
Huldrych Zwingli
Swedish reformer who rejected the Real Presence of Jesus Christ in the Eucharist; replaced a memorial service; -
Jan 1, 1492
Pope Alexander VI
Pontificate from 1492-1503; asked explorers to evangelize, or proclaim the good news of Christ to people everywhere. -
Jan 1, 1492
Christopher Columbus makes first voyage
He discovered America and made the first voyage of exploration -
Jan 1, 1497
Spanish Inquisition
Launched by Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand, they targeted Jews, Muslims, converts to Christianity, in addition to those accused of heresy. -
Jan 1, 1509
John Calvin
1509-1564; rejected the Real Presence of Jesus Christ; believed in predestination; -
Jan 1, 1520
Luther gets excommunicated
Pope Leo X excommunicates Luther from the Church -
Jan 1, 1529
Muslims conquered southeastern Europe
-
Jan 1, 1529
Muslims conquer southeastern Europe
Muslims conquered all of southeastern Europe -
Jan 1, 1542
Francis Xavier arrives in Goa
Jesuit missionary who arrived in India in 1542, and baptized many people in Goa -
Jan 1, 1545
Council of Trent
lasted until 1563; met three times with Popes Paul III, Julius III, and Pius IV -
Jan 1, 1565
Spaniards found the first Catholic settlement in North America
Founded in Saint Augustine -
Jan 1, 1565
Spainiards foudned the first Catholic settlement
Founded the first Catholic settlement in North America in Saint Augustine, Florida. -
Jan 1, 1566
Roman Catechism is issued
issued by Pope Pius IV; written by Saint Charles Borromeo -
Jan 1, 1579
George Calver (Lord Baltimore)
(1579-1632) a convert to Catholic faith; asked King Charles I for permission to establish a colony in the Americas. -
English come to Virginia
They came and settled in the New World, the Pilgrims soon to follow -
Thirty Years' War
Conflicts between Protestants and Catholics from 1618-1648 that finally ended with the Peace of Westphalia, declaring that the religion of the ruler iof each area would become the religion of the people in that area. -
Pilgrims come to Massachusetts
Came from England seeking religious freedom -
Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith is founded
founded by Pope Gregory XV to coordinate the missionary work of the Church -
Catholics in Maryland are persecuted
Sometimes they were put to death; Many were denied the right to vote, depending on their colonies. -
Pennsylvania was foudned
colony founded by WIliam Penn -
King Louis XIV issues the Gallican Articles
example of a absolute monarch ( one who gains complete power over all aspects of the lives of their people); ruled France; had the French bishops sign a document called the Gallican Articles, enabling him to rule the Church in France. -
King of Portugal was first to expel Jesuits from territory
in both Europe and the Americas, Catholic monarchs continued to expell Jesuits -
Pope Clement XIV issues decree against Jesuits
suppressed them in every Catholic country in the world; the Church could have benefited from the Jesuits' talents in combating the most dangerous outgrowths of the Enlightenment they were removed from the scene. -
Declaration of Independence is signed
US was home to few Catholics at the time. -
Church in America organized
organized by Pope Pius VI chose Father John Carroll of Maryland to be "Superior of the Mission" in the US. -
King Louis XVI calls together Estates-General
This governing body of France dealt with his need to raise taxes. Estates-General has 3 estates: 1st-clergy, 2nd-nobles/leaders, 3rd-common citizens -
National Assembly is formed (in France)
Third degree, common citizens, break away from the Estates-General after no action was taken when they declared new voting rules. The National Assembly was a unified assembly representing all the people of France; King reluctantly legalized this assembly out of fear of his life. This began the French Revolution -
John Carroll ordained the first bishop of Batimore
also founded the first Catholic college in the United States, known as Georgetown University -
National Assembly passes Civil Constitution of the Clergy
This law rearranged the boundaries of all the dioceses to match civil boundaries, bishops were appointed by the civil assemblies, and parish priests were even elected by civil assemblies -
National Assembly demands the clergy take an oath
the clergy of the Estates-General would take this oath to uphold the new Civil Constitution of the Clergy -
Pope Pius VI condemns the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
He conmened the Clergy and denouncing the National Assembly for all that had happened from the onset of the revolution -
French armies conquer more land
Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and much of Italy were conquerd and replaced with revolutionary governments -
French Republican declared
The French government was now under control of a National Convention -
Tens of thousands of French citizens are killed
This time of the French Revolution had entered the "Reign of Terror"; anyone sympathetic to the king was killed; anyone who was questioned of their allegiance to the French Republic was killed -
King Louis XVI is executed
He was found guilty of treason and was beheaded; his wife, Marie Antoinette, was also beheaded months later -
France gets new government called the Directory
The Directory ruled France from 1795-1799; issued a series of decrees that restored freedom of worship, authorized the seperation of Church and state , and allowed Catholics to worship in some church building that were still owned by the state -
French army occupied Rome
Rome at the time was the capital of the Papal States, a section of central Italy that was governed by the pope -
Pope Pius VI is forced to relocate
He was forced to relocate to Tuscany; on August 29, he died that same year. -
Pope Pius VII is elected pope
was a former monk and became one of the greatest modern popes; returned to Rome on July 3 that year and took up his duties -
Napoleon sells Louisiana Territory
stretched from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains to America for 15 million -
Napoleon declares himself emperor of France
asked Pope Pius VII to crown him inthe restored Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris, but at the ceremony he took the crown from the pope and crowned himself;emperor and pope had an unsettled realtionship -
Pope Pius VII creates 4 more dioceses
carved from the original Baltimore diocese -
Napoleon controls Rome and the Papal States
He arrested Pope Pius VII and sent him to northern Italy and then France where he remained prisoner until Napoleon was defeated in 1814 -
John Carroll becomes an archbishop
elevated from bishop to archbishop of Baltimore by Pope Pius VII -
Pope Pius VII returns to Rome the 2nd time
he planned on resotring the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) to help him revive and rebuild the Church in a changed world -
Napoleon is exilied to South Atlantic
When he returned to Paris with reinforced troops hoping to regain his empire, he was defeated by the alliled powers of europe at waterloo, Belgium. He was sentenced to exile to the South Atlantic island of St. Helena. -
diocese of Charleston is established
established in SC by Pope Pius VII; many poor Irish immigrants were there; first bishop was Irish man John England (1786-1842); started first Catholic newspaper in the US; opened schools for free African-American children; arranged religious instruction for slaves -
Know-Nothings fought against Cathoics
with 2 million Catholics in the US, those against Catholicsbanded together to form a secretive, nationwide political partd; called Know-Nothings because they replied with "I don't know" when asked a question -
Salesians
Society of St. Francis de Sales; started in Italy by John Bosco (1815-1888); one of the new religious orders of the time; with Mary Mazzarello (1837-1881), he later founded the order of Salesian Sisters (the Daughters of Mary, Help of Christian Crusaders -
Revolutionaries occupy all of the papal territories
Except Rome, and its immediate surroundings, revolutionaries occupied the papal territories; Pope Pius IX (1846-1878) refused to recognize the authority of the new italian government in Italy. -
Revolutionaries oocupy papal territories
Except Rome and its immediate surroundings, revolutionaries occupied all of the papal territories -
a United Kingdom of Italy is proclaimed
Its rulers dreamed of having Rome as their capital; this new Italian government ruled Italy, except Rome -
United Kingdom of Italy is proclaimed
-
Second Plenary Council
Took place in Baltimore; adressed the needs of the CHurch in the newly reunited US -
First Vatican Council
called together by Pope Pius IX; while thie council took plave the city of Rome was taken over by Italian troops, losing the last of the pope's worldly power; ended in October 1870
-the pope shut himself within the walls of the Vatican when it was over, calling his own self the 'prisoner of the Vatican" -
Pope Pius IX convends 1st Vatican Council in Rome
ended in October 1870; Italian troops overtook the Vatican, putting the pope to shame and locking himself in the walls of the Vatican -
Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
founded in Ialy by Frances Xavier Cabrinim (1850-1917) -
Third Plenary Council
Taook place in Baltimore; they voted to estaboish a nationwide Catholic school system with the goal of having every Catholic child in the US enrolled in a Catholic school; gave American Catholics the "Baltimore Catechism" where the young American Catholics learned their faith from straightforward question-and-anser text. -
Rerum Novarum written
One of Pope Leo XIII's 85 enyclicals; means "Of New Things"; applied the Church's traditional doctrines to the conditions of the modern world -
Britian captures Jerusalem
Jerusalem remained under Muslim control until Britain captured the land during World War I -
Lateran Treaty of 1929
the Italian government recognized Vatican City as an independent, sovereign state for the first time since 1870 -
Jesus dies and the Church begins
In year 30 -
Pope Pius XI
(1922-1939) became pope in 1922; issued an encyclical in response to the Great Depression that was a direct reference to Pope Leo XIII's great social justice encyclical Rerum Novarum; his was called Quadragesimo Anno meaning "After Forty Years" -
Pope Pius XI condemns the Nazi's racist ideology
After Hitler broke his promise to repsect the Church of Germany, the pope issued an encyclical -
Followers of Christ are called Christians
In year 40 -
Pope Pius XII has Christmas radio broadcast
strongly criticized the Nazis;
appointed an archbishop for military services of the US -
Council of Jerusalem
First council of the church takes place in year 49; said that Christians don't need to follow all Jewish traditions -
Saint Pius X
(1903-1914) Pope after Pope Leo XII; encouraged people to recieve communion often and thought that as soon as you understand the presence of Christ in the Eucharist, you should be able to take it; encouraged the revival of the Gregorian Chant; named a saint in 1954 -
JFK elected 1st Catholic president
This was a powerful smbol of Catholics' coming of age and acceptance in American society -
Second Vatican Council
called together by Pope John XXIII; 2,500 bishops from all over the world gathered together in St. Peter's Basilica. This was the largest gathering at any council in Church history and was the first truly worldwide council of the church; 4 general sessions betweekn 1962 to 1965; 16 documents were issued about different aspect of life of the Church -
Pacem in Terris
meaning "Peace on Earth"; issued by Pope John XXIII; spoke of "establishing universal peace in truth, justice, charity, and liberty." -
Pope Paul VI isses Populorum Progressio
This enyclical's title means "On the Development of Peoples. this showed the Church's concern for the international justice and world peace -
Mark's gospel is written
-
new Roman Missal is made
This authorized bishops all over the world to produce translations of the Mass into local languages; in 1964, American Catholics had begun celebrating mass with the priests facing the people and saying some of the prayers in the language of the people. -
First Respect Life Sunday
The bishops of the United States established the first Sunday of October as Respect Life Sunday. The country focuses on life issues like abortion, the rights of elderly and persons with disabilities, and the death penalty. -
Joseph Ratzinger becomes a member of the college of cardinals
from an archbishop of Munich, Germany, Pope Paul VI appointed him he was elevated to a member of the college of cardinals; in 1981, Pope John Paul II named Cardinal Ratzinger head of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Fatih -
"The year of three popes"
The cardinals came together in a conclave to elect the new pope after Pope Paul VI died; Pope John Pail I was elected but passed after 33 days; Polish Archbishop, now Pope John Paul II, was the first non-Italian pope since the sixth century -
Matthew's gospel
Written 80-90 A.D. -
Luke's gospel
Written in 80-90 A.D. -
Pope John Paul II issues Laborem Exercens
The title of this encyclical is "Through Work" to commemorate the 90 anniversary of Rerum Novarum; another was issued in 1987 to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of Populorum Progressio -
American bishops issued The Challenge of Peace
when the possibility of a nuclear war between the US and the SOviet Union seemed to be a real threat, this pastoral letter was issued. It stated, "We are called to be a Church at the service of peace." They also described the conditions necessary to be just, set forth principles on the use of nuclear weapons, and pinted out that true peace calls reverence for life. -
bishops issue "Econmoic Justice for All"
This pastoral letter was about Catholic social teaching and American economy. In this important letter the bishops reminded Catholic that "followers of Christ must avoid a tragic seperation between faith and everyday life" and that "the obligation to 'love our neighbor' has an individual dimension, but it also requires a broadersocial commitment to the common good." -
100th Anniversary of Rerum Novarum
Pope John Paul II issued Centesimus Annus, or "Hundreth Year" -
John Paul II issues new Catechism of the Catholic Church
he appointed a commission of twelve cardinals and bishops to preside over the writing of the new Catechism of the Catholic Church in 1986; appointed Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger to serve as chairman of that important commission; that same year, he wrote "Fidei Depositum" or "Guarding the Deposit of Faith" (to accompany the Catechism) calling the new catechism " a sure norm for teaching the faith." -
Veritatis Splendor
"The Splendor of Truth" encyclical; written by Pope John Paul II, described humanity's independence on God and divine law while explaining that real freedom depends on the truth; called all Catholics to stand up for truth in the face of moral relativism -
Evangelium Vitae
"The Gospel of Life" encyclical; writtten by Pope John Paul II, he wrote powerfully and movingly about the sacredness of all human life from conception to natural death -
Pides et Ratio
"Faith and Reason" encyclical; written by Pope John Paul II; dealth with the relationship between faith and reason -
"Living the Gospel Life"
This was issued to urge Catholics to accept the responsibilities to which Evangelium Vitae called them. -
a day of pardon
Because this was Jubilee Year, the marking of 1000 years of the Church, Pope John Paull II asked for the First Sunday of Lent of that year to be a day of pardon. sins were forgiven of the past and present of the "sons and daughters" of the Church. That same year the pope made a pilgrimage; he journeyed to the Western Wall of the Temple of Jerusalem -
Ecclesia De Eucharistia
"On the Eucharist in its Relationship to the Church" ecyclical; wrote aout the central place of the Eucharist in the life of the Church; the following year he declared OCtober 2004 to October 2005 "Year of the Eucharist" -
Pope John Paul II dies, new pope is found
After the pope's death, Joseph Ratzinger was elected pope, taking the name Pope Benedict XVI, after Pope Benedict XV, who pleaded for peace during WWI and St. Benedict of Nursia, the founder of the monasticism in the Western Church -
Karl Marx
(1818-1883) taught that religion gave people an illusion of an unreal world, dulling their awareness of injustice -
Pope Paul Vi issues Octogesima Adviens
This apostolic letter means "Eightieth Anniversary" and honored the anniversary of Rerum Novarum -
Pope Leo XIII
(1878-1903) knew that the Church needed to proclaim her social teachings, or teachings about justice in society, and increase her efforts to bring about justice in the industrial age -
Emperor Decius 249-251
One of the worst persecution times for Chrisitans -
Diocletian 284-305
One of the worst times for Christian persection in the Roman Empire -
Emperor Theodosius 379-395
Made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire. -
Origen (185-254)
One of the Fathers of the Church; Studied and explained scripture -
Tertullian (185-254)
One of the Fathers of the Church; made a vocabulary of terms to explain the faith -
2nd council in Constantinople
Theodosius I called to meet in Constantinople (now modern day Istanbul city). This council repeated teaching of Nicaea and reiterated the truth of the Holy Spirit -
Basil the Great (329-379)
Theologian whose writings helped defeat the Arians; Developed a 'rule of life' for monks, creating the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience(evangelical counsels); Lived in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire -
Basil's Writings Help Defeat Arians
In the Council of Constantinople -
Benedict of Nursia (480-550)
Founded the monastery at Monte Cassino, Italy in 529; Lived in the western part of the Roman Empire; lived by motto 'Ora et labora,' meaning 'Pray and work,' and his 'rule' named 7 specific times wach day for community prayer. -
a new monestary is found in Itaaly
Founded by Benedict of Nursia, a new monestary was founded in Monte Casino, Italy; His sister, Scholastica founded a monestary for nuns nearby -
St. Scholastica (480-543)
Founded a monestary for nuns right by her brother's monestary in Monte Cassino, Italy.Their motto was "Ora et labora, ' meaning, 'Pray and work,' and his 'rule' named 7 specific times each day for community prayer. -
Cyril and Methodious
Cyril (827-869) and Methodius (825-884) brought the good news of Jesus Christ to the territory from which many of the invading tribes had come. -
Charlemagne is crowned leader of the Franks
Crowned by Pope Leo III, he becaoly Roman Emperor.
