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To explain the colors of hot glowing matter, Max Planck suggested that radiation comes in small amounts
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Albert Einstein proposes a quantum theory of light which behaves like a particle
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Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, along with Ernest Rutherford, suggest that atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus
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Ernest Rutherford discovers the nucleus using the alpha-scattering experiment performed by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden
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Explains the curvature of space-time
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Niels Bohr constructs a theory of atomic structure based on quantum ideas.
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Ernest Rutherford finds the first evidence for a proton
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James Chadwick and E.S. Bieler conclude that some strong force holds the nucleus together
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Arthur Compton discovers that x-rays had quantum characteristics. This confirmed photons were particles.
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Louis de Broglie proposes that electrons have wave properties
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Wolfgang Pauli forms a principle for electrons in an atom.
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Walther Bothe and Hans Geiger demonstrate that energy and mass are conserved in atomic processes
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Werner Heisenberg comes up with the uncertainty principle. This states that the more you know about a particle's energy, the less you know about the time of the energy and vice versa.
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Paul Dirac combines quantum mechanics and special relativity to describe the electron
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Wolfgang Pauli suggests the neutrino, a neutral subatomic particle with a mass close to zero and half-integral spin, rarely reacting with normal matter, to explain the continuous electron spectrum for beta decay.
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Paul Dirac realizes that the positively-charged particles required by his equation are new objects, which he called "Positrons." They are exactly like electrons but positively charged
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James Chadwick discovers the neutron
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Hideki Yukawa combines relativity and quantum theory to describe nuclear interactions by an exchange of new particles between protons and neutrons
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C. Moller and Abraham Pais introduce the term "nucleon" as a generic term for protons and neutrons.
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The neutral pion is discovered
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Donald Glaser invents the bubble chamber. A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a super-heated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it
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C.N. Yang and Robert Mills develop a new class of theories called "gauge theories."
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Julian Schwinger writes a paper proposing combination of weak and electromagnetic interactions.
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Today, Quantum Theory is used in many ways. You can see Quantum Physics used in anything from Night vision goggles to Microscopes.
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