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FIrst wave of Immigrants
The first wave of immigrants were English, Scots, Scots-Irish, Germans (migrated to Pennsylvania for religious freedom), Dutch, French, Spanish (migrated to Florida and southwest for Christian converts), Puritans (migrated to Massachusetts to establish a community restricted to members of their faith). They came because of variety of religious, political, and economic reasons. -
Second Wave of Immigrants
The second wave of emmigrents were German (escaping economic problems and seeking political freedom), British, Irish (poverty and famine encouraged emigration). Immigrants came for new opportunities because in Europe, peasants displaced from agriculture and artisans were made jobless from the industrial revolution. Some immigrants received “American Letters” which were encouraging friends and relatives to join them in America. -
Pennsylvania Mine Safety Act of 1870 Passed
After the FIre in 1869 in an Avandale mine that killed 110 workers Pennsylvania dicides to pass the first law making it that mines have to have an emergency exit and ventilation. This is important because cal mines were very dangerous and they have children working so imergency exits and ventilation would help out workers. People had been thinking of conservation of the land because of factories and mines. If a a couple peices of land was conserved then their would be some places to enjoy. -
Immigration
Immigration was a big part in this because if immigrants had to go to Elis Island to see if they can go to the U.S. Nativism happened and in the Chinese exclution act of 1882 was passed becuase they were to many Chinese immigrants. IMmigrant were nat treated fairly necause they were naturalize. Prejudice happened to immigrants and many immigrants because of their culture but they wanted to experiaance the American dream. -
The Beggining
The Proggressive Era started at 1890 and went to 1920. This was right before the Indistrail Revolution where workers would work in factories for long hours and berely get paid. The workers had divivsion of labor so they can have a mass production. The owners would play as robber barons who makes a lot of money and does not give some to his country and some would play a captain of industry who gives money to his country. -
Labor Unions
Labor Unions are formed against employer that are not fair to the employees. Tides turn and some bosses are fair others will fire all of the workers to ensure that their company is not threatened. Labor Unions gave people the rghts and responsibilitys of fair wages, fair labor practices and the freedom of unreliabkle contracts. The Workers started the labor movement for better wages and lower work time and better conditions. -
Shermen Antitrust Act becomes Law
Congress passed laws that prevented business monopolies and deemed them unlawful. This was important in the progressive era because this prevented businesses from having an advantage over consumers. -
Forest Reserve Act Passed
Signed by President Benjamin Harrison in March 1891. The Forest Reserve Act authorizes the federal government to keep land at its original state. This prevented indutry to take over new land for commercial production. -
National Consumers Legue Established
Florence Kelley, a founder of Chicago’s Hull House, organizes the National Consumers’ League to advocate better working conditions for women and children, health care, enforcement of child-labor laws, and a minimum wage. The League demonstrates the increased political clout of women in the Progressive era. -
The Progrissive Movement
The Progressive Movement was passed from 1900 to 1920. This also happened before the Indistrial Revolution.This made it so that businesses could not have a monopoly over an object or build up trusts. This was important because if a business have a monopoly over an object they would sale it for a high amunt of price. -
The 19th Amendment Ratified
This act gave women the right to vote. The two sentence amendment passed by both houses of of congress and sent to the state for rtification on june fourth. After reiciving the three-fourths majority of states, the nineteenth amendment is officially ratified on Uagast eighteenth. THis was important because women had been trying to get the right to vote ever since the Decleration of Independance was passed. The wemon had also started the women Suffrage movement. -
Theodore Roosevelt Trust Busting
Theodare Roosevelt starts his mission of trust busting throughout the Uniteds States by bringing J.P. Morgans Northern Security company to court on violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. This was important because if we did not have the Sherman Antitrust Act alot of new meterial would not of been made. -
Triangle Shirtwaists Company Fire
The Shirtwaist fire killed one hundred and forty six workers. The factory had sweatshops conditions including overcrowding, blocked exits, and flimsy fire escapes. The only way out was a locked door that leads out of the factory. Many workers jumpedd out of the window and only one survived the fall. -
The 16th Amendment Ratified
The 16th Amendment is ratified instituting a federal income after President-Taft recomended its passage. The progressive soppurts the income tax because they belived it was fair especially for the rich. This is important because the amendment made it so that the government can make any taxes they want. -
The 17th Amendmetn Ratified
The U.S. senators are not elected by people of their states instead the states legislatures do. This went untill the ratification of the seventeen amendment which allowed for a direct election of senetars. The Progressives are instrumental in this change. They though that this will eliminate corruptin and lead to better public representations. This is important because it allowed people to vote for their senators. -
Third wave of Immigrant and Fourth wave of Immigrants
The immigrant thet came was Chinese, Japanese, and other Asian countries (migrated to the western states). Immigrants came over to America for more job opportunities and freedom of religion. In the fourth wave of immigrant was Europeans, Asians, Hispanics (Mexico). A new law that altered the selection of immigrants from the country they were from, to giving priority to people who already had family in the United States or had skills that were needed in the labor market. -
Keating-Owen Child Labor Act
This act made it so that children could not work for a long hours. This act also made it so that you can not transport goods made from child labor. THe act was far reaching because upm to a million American children were hired to manufacture. The supreme court invalidate this act in 1918 as a restrain on trade. -
Workingmen's Compensation Act
This act allowed workers to get financial help when they are injured on a job. President Woodrow WIlson signs the Compensation Act. This was important because many workers got injured on the job and their managers would still make them work unless it can damage the goods. -
The 18th Amemendment Ratified
The 18rh amendment made it so that you were not allowed to sale alcoholic bevereges. The measure was long advocate by temperance societies and many grass-roots Progressives. This was important because during at that time a lot of violance broke out because of acloholic bevereges. -
Immigration Act of 1924
This act made it so that only a specific number of immigrants could enter the U.S for a period of time. The U.S. did this because they were getting a lot of waves of immmigrant and soon the immigrant population would have gotten to high. This Act did not make it so that immigrant could not come to the U.s it only made it so that only a specific amount could come.
