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PLANKALKUL
Developed by: Konrad Zuse
Primary Purpose: first high-level (non-von Neumann) programming language to be designed for a computer.
Acronym: Plan Calculus -
FORTRAN
Developed by: John Backus
Primary Purpose: general-purpose, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing
Acronym:FORmula TRANslation, because it was designed to allow easy translation of math formulas into code -
MATH-MATIC
Developed by: Led By Charles Kratz
Primary Purpose: providing algebraic-style expressions and floating-point arithmetic, and arrays rather than record structures
Acronym: Not really named anything -
LISP
Developed by: John McCarthy
Primary Purpose: easy manipulation of data strings
Acronym: list processing -
COBOL
Developed by: Grace Murray Hopper
Primary Purpose: programming language that resembled natural English -- one that would be easy to write and easy to read.primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments.
Acronym: Common Business Oriented Language -
RPG
Developed by: IBM
Primary Purpose: a tool to replicate punched card processing on the IBM 1401[2] then updated to RPG II for the IBM System/3 in the late 1960s, and since evolved into an HLL equivalent to COBOL and PL/I
Acronym: Report Program Generator -
BASIC
Developed by: John Kemeney and Thomas Kurtz
Primary Purpose: a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages whose design philosophy emphasizes ease of use
Acronym: Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code -
LOGO
Developed by: Daniel G. Bobrow
Primary Purpose: used for generating basic shapes using a turtle cursor
Acronym: Language of Graphics Oriented -
PASCAL
Developed by: named after Blaise Pascal and developed by Niklaus Wirth
Primary Purpose: a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring
Acronym: High level structured programming language named for 17th century mathematician Blaise Pascal -
B
Developed by: D. M. Ritchie and K. L. Thompson
Primary Purpose: designed for recursive, non-numeric, machine independent applications, such as system and language software
Acronym: B stands for B computer language (Ken Thompson; predecessor to C) -
C
Developed by: Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs
Primary Purpose: originally designed as a systems programming language, C has proved to be a powerful and flexible language that can be used for a variety of applications, from business programs to engineering
Acronym: C is commonly used to describe the C: drive or the first hard drive on IBM compatible computers -
ML
Developed by: Robin Milner
Primary Purpose: algorithm can automatically assign the types of most expressions without requiring explicit type annotations. Additionally, the use of this algorithm ensures type safety—there is a formal proof that a well-typed ML program does not cause runtime type errors
Acronym: Machine Language -
SQL
Developed by: Donald Chamberlin and Raymond Boyce
Primary Purpose: computer language aimed to store, manipulate, and query data stored in relational databases
Acronym: Structured Query Language -
C++
Developed by: Bjarne Stroustrup
Primary Purpose: an extension of C language. It is therefore possible to code C++ in a "C style" or "object-oriented style." ... C++ is a general purpose object oriented programming language.
Acronym: C++ was originally named C with Classes, adding object oriented features, such as classes, and other enhancements to the C programming language. The language was renamed C++ in 1983, as a pun -
ADA
Developed by: Ada Lovelace
Primary Purpose: Ada improves code safety and maintainability by using the compiler to find errors in favor of runtime errors
Acronym: Not an acronym but a name into remembering Ada Lovelace -
PYTHON
Developed by: Guido van Rossum
Primary Purpose: syntax which allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than possible in languages such as C++ or Java
Acronym: No acronym -
Visual Basic
Developed by: Microsoft
Primary Purpose: derived from BASIC, a user-friendly programming language designed for beginners, and it enables the rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using Data Access Objects, Remote Data Objects, or ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX controls and object
Acronym: Easy to learn -
PHP
Developed by: Rasmus Lerdorf
Primary Purpose: a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML
Acronym: Hypertext Preprocessor -
DELPHI
Developed by: Embarcadero Delphi
Primary Purpose: programming language and software development kit (SDK) for desktop, mobile, web, and console applications.[1] Delphi's compilers use their own Object Pascal dialect of Pascal and generate native code for several platforms: Windows (x86 and x64), OS X (32-bit only), iOS (32 and 64-bit) and Android
Acronym: Name after the developer -
JAVA
Developed by: James Gosling
Primary Purpose: object-oriented language similar to C++, but simplified to eliminate language features that cause common programming errors
Acronym: joke that Java stands for "Just Another Vulnerability Announcement", referring to all the security issues that Java has had, but really it doesn't stand for anything -
JAVASCRIPT
Developed by: Brendan Eich
Primary Purpose: most common form, JavaScript resides inside HTML documents, and can provide levels of interactivity to web pages that are not achievable with simple HTML
Acronym: Doesn't really mean anything