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Election of George Washington
George was am unanimous choice of the electors who casted their vote in 1789. The constitution had not provided for a direct election but instead came up with the Electoral College to temper the democratic ways.Federalist leaders generally agreed that John Adams should be the Vice President, but Alexander Hamilton wisely diverted a few votes from Adams to avoid the embarrassment of a tie vote.
Each of the 69 electors was expected to cast two ballots. All voted for Washington. -
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax protest from the citizens of the US against the government. Farmers who sold their grain in the form of whiskey now had to pay a tax on it. The tax was Alexander Hamilton’s idea to reduce the national debt. It eventually led to the formation of the two political parties after people resisted it. -
Non-Intercourse Act
The Embargo Act was replaced with the Non-Intercourse Act in 1809. This act got rid of all embargoes on American shipping except the ones bound for British or French ports. The intent was to hurt the economies of the United Kingdom and France. It was not very effective and was one of the causes of the War of 1812. -
Bill of Rights added to the constitution
The Alien and Sedition acts was passed by congress in 1798. These laws gave the power that they could deport foreigners along with make it harder for new immigrants to vote.Before this law was passed an immigrant had to wait five years before being eligible to vote, but a new law changed it to fourteen years. The federalists saw foreigners as a threat to American security. -
Beginning of the federalist party
Supported the ratification of the constitution. Led by John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, and John Marshall. Mostly made up of rich higher classes. They loved all things British, and supported a strong governmental leadership. -
Beginning of the democratic-republican party
They wanted all American families. They favored keeping the US economy based off of agriculture. They were the dominate party. They were against the idea of a strong national government. -
Election of John Adams
It was the Federalist vs. Democratic-republicans. John with the federalist won 71 of the electoral votes and 35,726 of the popular votes. Thomas Jefferson with the Democratic-republicans lost the electoral vote at 68, and lost the popular vote at 31,115. -
XYZ affair
In 1798 President Adams wanted to defuse some tension between America and France, so he sent two diplomats(John Marshall and Elbridge Gerry) to talk to Pickney in Paris. The French minister,Talleyrand, kept the mission waiting for weeks, then sent three agents(X, Y, and Z) to demand money for himself and his country. Then that is when Pickney said, “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute." Negotiation broke down and then war broke out between America and France. -
Alien Act
The Alien and Sedition acts was passed by congress in 1798. These laws gave the power that they could deport foreigners along with make it harder for new immigrants to vote.Before this law was passed an immigrant had to wait five years before being eligible to vote, but a new law changed it to fourteen years. The federalists saw foreigners as a threat to American security. -
Sedition Act
The Sedition Act made it a crime to criticise the national government. The punishment could be a fine or imprisonment. Twenty five men, most of them editors and writers were imprisoned and their newspapers forced to shut down. There were many questions of is the Sedition Act constitutional or not. When Jefferson became president he pardoned those who were convicted. -
John Marshall Appointed
President Adams nominated Marshall Chief Justice of the United States, and the Senate confirmed the appointment on January 27, 1801. Without opposing his appointment as Chief Justice, Marshall continued to serve as Secretary of State throughout President Adams’ term and, at President Thomas Jefferson’s request, he remained in that office during his presidency. Marshall served as Chief Justice for 34 years. -
Marbury vs. Madison
The event started in 1801 when William Marbury assigned justice of the peace in District Columbia, and the Secretary of state,James Madison, refused to deliver it. Marbury then sued. In the Marbury vs Madison case John Marshall decided the principle judicial review, which was an important addition to checks and balances so the one part of the government wasn’t to powerful. -
Election of Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was running against John Adams.
Jefferson was a Democratic-Republican while Adams was a Federalist. This election led to a long rule of the Democratic-Republican party and the end of the Federalist party. Jefferson won the election with a little more than 61% of the votes. Jefferson was responsible for the Louisiana Purchase. -
Louisiana Purchase
1803, the United States took control of vast lands in the west of the Mississippi river. Jefferson wanted to try and buy Louisiana so that American farmers could send goods through the ports. Jefferson sent Robert Livingston and James Monroe to buy West Florida and New Orleans. While there, the two men negotiated with the Talleyrand,the French foreign minister, and at first he showed little interest. Napoleon needed money to pay for his costly wars in Europe and gave up on his plan for an empi -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Jefferson asked his personal secretary (Lewis) to explore the newly purchased lands and territories in the west, and Lewis decided to bring along his friend (Clark). Jefferson hoped they would find a route of water connecting Missouri and Columbia rivers. Along the way of the expedition, William Clark drew series of maps which were amazingly detailed of locations and rivers.The Expedition shaped a route to the waters of the Pacific and marked a pathway for the new nation to spread westward from -
Embargo Act
The Embargo Act was a general embargo, or ban on trade, by the US on Great Britain and France. The act was put into place after the British Navy forced thousands of US sea men into service. Jefferson hoped that Britain and France would realize their need for US trade. The act did not accomplish what the US hoped and it was terminated in 1809. -
Election of James Madison
Madison ran against Charles Pickney in 1808. Madison was a Democratic Republican while Pickney was a federalist. Madison won the election with over 60% of the votes.The biggest problem during Madison’s term was the War of 1812. Madison served two terms as the US president and ended in 1816. -
War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a war between the US and the British Empire. The US declared war for many reasons but the biggest one was trade restrictions. The war was ended with the Treaty of Ghent. The Star Spangled Banner was written during the war. -
Battle of New Orleans
Final battle of 1812. was commanded by Andrew Jackson. It was a great win for America. The British knew that is they got New Orleans they would have control of the Mississippi river. -
Battle of New Orleans
Final battle of 1812. was commanded by Andrew Jackson. It was a great win for America. The British knew that is they got New Orleans they would have control of the Mississippi river. -
Election of James Monroe
He opposed the ratification of the constitution.He challenged his friend Madison in 1808 election. His victory in 1816 caused the era of good feelings. James was the last founding father to be president. -
McCulloch v. Maryland
Congress wanted to create a second national bank while Maryland passed a law to impose taxes on the bank. The ruling was that congress had the power to establish the bank and Maryland could not tax parts of the national government. The second Bank of the United States was established after the case. McCullouch issued notes without a tax from Maryland. -
Expanded suffrage to all white males
The rise of political parties as the organizing unit of the Two Party System represented a break from the values that had shaped Republican and Federalist political competition. Leaders in the system before remained deeply suspicious that parties could destroy the young republic. At the heart of the new parties, and their celebration of democracy, was the dramatic expansion of voting rights for white men. -
Missouri Compromise
Made an in visible line across the states and made one half a slave free state. It was evened out by having 12 free states and 12 slave states. It was held until 1854. -
Monroe Doctorine
The Monroe Doctorine was part of the seventh annual letter he had sent to congress, which wanted European affairs to not affect the western hemisphere. In 1803 president James Monroe put in the document that European nations should be warned that the U.S. will not take any further colonization or puppet monarchs.The doctrine was conceived to meet major concerns of the moment, but it soon became a watchword of U.S. policy in the Western Hemisphere. -
Gibbons v. Ogden
Thomas gibbons had been given federal permission to work the new york waterways with his steamboat. He was then denied access into the waterways by new york state. -
election of 1824
It was John q. Adams vs. Andrew Jackson vs. William Crawford vs. Henry Clay. John with the republicans, Andrew with the democrats, and William and Henry with the Democratic-Republicans. With the electoral votes: John 82, Andrew 102, William 40, Henry 37. With the popular votes: John 113,122, Andrew 151,271, William 40,856, Henry 47,531. And John Adams won. -
Election of Andrew Jackson
He was the first citizen president. Andrew vetoed more bills than any previous presidents so he was very active. The election of Andrew formed the Democratic party. He invented the spoils system to the national government. -
Beginning of democratic party
It stared to disappear in 1801. It favored state rights and opposed the national bank idea. Andrew Jackson was the first Democratic president. Supporters of Hamilton favored a strong national government. -
Indian Removal Act
The Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson. The deal was the US government would pay for the settlement of the Indians in unsettled lands west of the Mississippi River in exchange for Indian lands within state borders. A few tribes went peacefully while some of the tribes resisted. As the Indians were moved west 4,000 of them died. It is now known as the Trail of Tears. -
Worcester v. Georgia
The ruling of the case made the Indian tribes inside the U.S politically independent. It stated that the states could not pass laws regulating Indian activities within state boundaries. This decision of tribal freedom became the basis of many court decisions over the next 160 years. Although the Indians won the case there were still eventually forced to live in Oklahoma. -
Closing of the U.S. bank
Jackson removed all federal funds from the Second Bank of the U.S., redistributing them to various state banks, which were popularly known as "pet banks." In addition, he announced that deposits to the bank would not be accepted after October 1. Finally, Jackson had succeeded in destroying the bank; its charter officially expired in 1836.
