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Balkans Crisis
Bulgaria and Serbia (backed by Russia) lead war on Turkey. Drive Turkey all but out of Europe-almost draws Russia and a into war. Euro war narrowly avoided and new country Albania created. They all want territory recently taken from Turkey (Macedonia). Fight. English must interfere to resolve conflict. Major powers continue expansion of military. Russia will no longer stand down out of fear of losing influence over Balkans all together -
House-Select Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
The House-Select Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was created to catch Nazi's and investigate disloyal citizens suspected of communism. It allowed them to investigate communist Americans. Communist and former communist were targeted. Hollywood was implicated and hundreds of actors and directors were to testify to congress because Hollywood had influence over Americans. High ranking officials were targeted and other famous people and influences. (Eleanor Roosevelt, Harry Truman,and MLK). -
G.I. Bil
Also known as the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, the G.I. Bill offered World War II veterans low interest rates in houses, paid their college tuition, and offered business loans. The G.I Bill is still around today. Not for everyone. Increase of Veterans in college, transformed American look on college, democratizing American higher education and contributing to the creation of the middle class. Created by Earnest McFarland. -
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Civil Rights
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Period: to
Cold War
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Hector P. Garcia
Hector P. Garcia was a a Mexican american physician, WWII veteran and founded the American GI Forum (which was for everyone). He helped create equality for Mexican by helping Mexican veterans file claims with the veteran administration. He fought for Mexican Americans against discrimination. Purposely called it that to emphasize their citizenship and right to constitutional rights. -
Marshall Plan
George Marshall, who was number two to Roosevelt,had a plan. His plan was to give loans to Western Europe to rebuild and restore faith in capitalism after World War 2. This plan was called the Marshall Plan. American labor, farming, and manufacturing was practiced in Europe. The United States gave over $13 billion in aid and assistance. -
Berlin Airlift
Stalin was upset about capitalism in the middle of the Germany Soviet zone (Berlin was split among them, GB and US). So he decided to seal off the border and isolate Berlin in hope that the West would back off. The US and Great Britain planes brought supplies to Berlin with air shipments, this lasted almost a year. Stalin gives up and reopens the border. The shipment of supplies became known as the Berlin Airlift. 6/24/48-05/12/49 -
Elvis
"The King of Rock and Roll". Most influential rock and roll musician. He made rock and roll a phenomenon. He was born extremely poor and adopts rhythm and blues early on. (Melded with gospel and country). He created his own sexually suggestive dance and had to be filmed from the waist up when filmed on TV because he offended many Americans. "Elvis the Pelvis". -
Little Richard
Little Richard was visually confident singer & pianist, frenetic performance style, he shouted vocals & used vocables and falsettos, wild side of rock. He made a song called "Tutti Fruitti, and like many other African American artists in thet time, he had his music ripped off by white artist, Pat Boone. He had internal conflicts that in 1957 led him to quit show business. In 1962 he had a comeback tour in England. -
Fair Deal
Truman, who stood for civil rights, added the on the New Deal and it is known as the Fair Deal. He adds healthcare, public housing, education, public works, minimum wage, electricity and telephones. He scaled back though because of Korea anti-communist agenda. He needed bi-partisan support, Truman fought for keeping it. -
Period: to
1950's
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Eisenhower’s election and the end of the conflict
The election of 1952 was a competition between Dwight Eisenhower (R) and Adlai Stevenson (D). Truman became unpopular when he fired MacArthur. Eisenhower won. His Korean solution was to threaten them with nuclear weapons. This caused a ceasefire in Korea and a stalemate. It is much like today's Korea with no food, deprivation and health issues. It is known as the Forgotten War. -
Brown v. Board of Education
The Brown v. Board of Education case was the second most important in US history. It took place in Topeka, Kansas. Linda Brown was forced to travel a far distance to attend a school when three was one very close to her. Thurgood Marshal from the NAACP argued on her behalf. He told the psychological evidence of segregation using a barbie doll. His evidence proved that segregation was bad. Plessy V Ferguson (which legalized segregation) was overturned, and places were forced to integrate. -
Polio Vaccine
Polio is a virus which enters through mouth and causes paralysis, meningitis, and death. Jonas Salk was an American doctor who invented the injectable polio vaccine in 1953. Polio crippled and killed millions worldwide, and the successful vaccine virtually eliminated the scourge. Albert Sabin created a oral vaccine for Polio. -
Ike Turner
Ike Turner was a musician, bandleader, songwriter, talent scout, and record producer.He made the first rock all roll song called "Rocket 88". He was a black artist who had been ripped off by white artist. This artist was Bill Haley. In a career that lasted more than half a century, his repertoire included blues, soul, rock, and funk. He's most popularly known for his 1960's work with his then wife, Tina Turner. Turner recorded for many of the key R&B record labels of the 1950's & 1960's. -
Television
World War II slowed the introduction of the TV, but by 1955, 75% of people owned a TV (which as in black and white). TV was a new type of entertainment, which also showed News and TV shows. Shows like “I love Lucy” and “Father Knows Best” became popular. Politicians also used the power of television, as well as church services were broadcast (Billy Graham). Movies celebrated teen youth and made many teen icons. -
TV Shows
As television became popular in 1955, so did television shows. Such shows included “I Love Lucy” and “Father Knows Best” which depicted the ideal family. The ideal family was not extended, it also showed hard working, dominant males, and dumb females. This began o change in the late 1900’s and early 2000’s. -
Beat Generation
The “Beats” or “Beatniks” were artist, novelist and poets who rejected American materials, culture, home ownership, marriage, and jobs/careers. They expressed individual freedom and pleasure (drugs and sex). They were “Proto-hippies”. They were the foundation for war protest in 1960’s, and borrowed slang form the black community (dig it, man). -
Emmett Till Tragedy
Till traveled to Money, Mississippi (the heart of racism), visiting from Chicago. His mom wanted him to see segregation & be familiarized. While there, he supposedly accepted a challenge from his cousin to ask out a white girl. This happened at Bryan's Country Store. After completing the task, he was immediately taken away by cousins. 4 days later he was abducted & driven to nearby shed where he was beaten severely & eventually shot in the head & thrown in river. BEGAN CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT -
Little Rock 9
A a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School that made a foundation to promote the idea of desegregation. Orval Faubus, against the desegregation of public schools, defied the United States Supreme Court by ordering the Arkansas National Guard to stop African American students from attending the HS. President Eisenhower stepped in and sent federal troops to escort the 9 students to and from school for the rest of the year. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Established a Civil Rights Commission, but had little real effect and was mostly symbolic and it did not guarantee a ballot for blacks. It was the first civil-rights bill to be enacted after Reconstruction which was supported by most non-southern whites. -
Space Race
The space race was a race between the United States and Soviet Union on who could reach space first. It began when the first orbiting satellite was sent into space in the fall of 1957. It was called Sputnik, and was sent by the Soviets. Americans were fearful of falling technologically behind. Therefore, (NASA) National Aeronautics and Space Administration was created. New American scientists and astronauts came and scrambled to develop satellite technology. -
Politics (Nixon, Kennedy):
Politicians used the power of television to gain supporters and get ahead. For example, Richard Nixon’s “Checkers Speech” which he publicly asks for forgiveness and saves his career, or in the Nixon-Kennedy debates. In those debates, depending on whether you were watching or listening, affected who you thought won the debate. (Because one of their appearance was better looking than the other). -
The New Frontier
The New Frontier was a term used by liberal democrat John F Kennedy. It was the campaign program advocated by JFK in the 1960 election. He promised to revitalize the stagnant economy and enact reform legislation in education, health care, and civil rights.He used this because like Americans on the Frontier of the 19th century, Americans of the 20th century had to rise to new challenges. -
Earl Warren Supreme Court
Chief Justice was Earl Warren, was the most liberal SCOTUS in history. He used a loose interpretation of the Constitution to expand African American rights and those of accused of a crime. He believed the Supreme court should be a center fro civil rights change. This was known as the Era of liberalism. Conservative termements were shot down: prayer in school, Jim Crow, interracial marriage, free council for accused, right to remain silent, right to privacy concerning contraception. -
Period: to
1960's
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Bay of Pigs
Towards the end of Eisenhower presidency, the operation to overthrow Fidel Castro was passed & carried out in Kennedy's administration. The operation was created by the CIA (spy organization)The CIA assured him of success.Plan was to send Cuban exiles as trained special forces to Cuba.Operation a failure. Exiles were brutally beaten & sent back to the US. Kennedy publicly took blame for the operation but privately blamed the CIA. Known as the Bay of Pigs bc they were sent to island Bay of Pigs. -
Dolores Huerta
Dolores Huerta came up with the say "Si Se Puede" which meant "Yes, we can.She was an actives for improving the Latino community. She fought alongside Cesar Chavez, the co founder of United Farm Workers Union, held strikes, and used non-violent resistance campaigns. She helped Mexican farm workers gain better working conditions and pay. -
Lee Harvey Oswald
Was a ex-marine communist. He was defected to USSR and becomes a citizen. He gained his citizenship back in America. He was said to be a not very god shot. But still manages to shoot President Kennedy in the neck and head in Dallas. Lee Oswald gets away from the police but was then found in a movie theater and claims to have been set up. He was taken to jail and murdered by Jack Ruby during a jail transfer. -
Warren Commission
The Warren Commission of 1963 was set up by President Johnson to investigate Kennedy's assassination (Kennedy had many enemies on the administration). The commission concluded that Lee Oswald acted alone in the assassination. Many disbelieved the findings because Kennedy's final blow was suspicious, and people believed a conspiracy. Such conspiracies consisted of, Soviets, Cuba, Mafia, CIA, and even President Johnson. -
Ascendency of Lyndon Johnson
Lyndon Johnson was VP to Kennedy, so when JFK was assassinated he took over on Air Force 1 with Jackie Kennedy on his side. He set up the Warren Commission that investigated Kennedy's assassination. He was one of the 20th century's greatest legislatures with more legislation passed other than FDR. He expands the government and admin was the "Great Society" going beyond the New Deal. He was a crude person. -
March on Washington
Kennedy was to propose a new civil rights bill on TV and violence erupted across the south. A southern block emerged (senators prevented law getting passed). MLK takes civil rights to DC. In the march, 500k people walk to the Lincoln Memorial on the 100th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. They marched for jobs and freedom. It was there that Martin Luther King gave the "I Have A Dream" speech. It was watched world wide live. It was said that equal rights would win the cold war. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Passed by Lyndon B Johnson. It outlawed public segregation and discrimination, forbade racial discrimination in the workplace. The act also created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to prevent discrimination in the work place. This act was the strongest civil rights legislation since Reconstruction and invalidated the Southern Caste System. Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin -
Gulf of Tonkin Incident
The Gulf of Tonkin Incident was alleged attacks by North Vietnam on American ships. An American destroyer was "attacked" by a North Vietnam torpedo boat. Neutralized. Two days later, another supposed attack was made though no ships were reported and the radar was supposedly not working. This incident was set up by the Johnson Administration. The resolution was to repel armed attack and prevent further aggression. American combat troops arrived in March of 1965. -
Assassination of JFK
The election of 1964 was coming, & Kennedy was campaigning for reelection. Southerners were upset over a lot of things he had done for civil rights, so Kennedy set up fundraisers in Houston, San Antonio, Austin, and Dallas. On November 22, 1963, Kennedy flew to Love Airfield in Dallas, & traveled through downtown Dallas. He had maximum exposure on a open air motorcade. His route had been publicized for days. Lee Harvey Oswald sniped Kennedy: shot 5 times, struck twice. Kennedy died at hospital. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This was passed as a Great Society program under the Lyndon B Johnson administration. It banned literacy tests and sent thousands of federal voting officials to the south to supervise registration. This got a huge jump in the black voter rate. Aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising the 15th amendment. -
Great Society
President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education. He passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Kennedy's agenda was passed too. It was used to reduce poverty and racial injustice and to promote a better quality of life in the United States. -
Counter Culture
The Counter Culture was the New Left. It seceded the Beat Gen. They rejected middle class society values, and used drugs to explore their inner selves.They rejected everything their parents stood for and expressed free love and peace. It consisted of the young, mostly students. They took on discrimination, poverty, and the Vietnam War.The were extremely far left. Some were even socialist and communist. The protests took place at colleges. -
Tet Offensive
The Tet Offensive was a massive attack on South Korea by Vietcong and North Vietnam. 100 towns were attacked. This showed that victory would be costly, despite what American thought to be said true by Johnson and many generals. They weren't beaten, counter US claim.They wanted a revolution in Vietnam. This made Americans step up their involvement in Korea. -
Feminism
Feminism split form civil rights. Helen Gurley "Sex and The Single Girl" empowered women through sexuality, and told them to be single until they started fading (got old). Betty Friedman and "The Feminine Mystique" made women believe they could do everything men could. They focused on equal treatment, opportunity, and pay. The point was to change mentality over getting legislation. During this movement the formal title "Ms" was invented to indicated neutral marital status. -
Anti-War Movement
Some Americans were weary of the United States joining the Korean War. They focused on issues of the war. They used to protest domestic injustices-presidential secrets, draft deferments. African American men and the poor were drafted. Universities were ground zero for these protests, where they burned their draft cards. These protesters faced backlash and the situation quickly became violent and unsettled. -
Hippies
Hippies stood for peace and living in the moment. Rock music was catalyst in spreading their ideals, and artist transformed their music to match the ideals. Many did drugs to explore their minds, such drugs include LSD. They rejected materials, were against the Vietnam war, and embraced non-christian faith. They attended Woodstock, which was the first hippie music festival. -
Stonewall Riots
In June 1969, police officers raided this Inn, which was a gay nightclub in New York, and began arresting patrons for attending the place. Gay onlookers taunted the police and then attacked them. Someone started a fire in the Inn, almost trapping people inside. This marked the beginning of the gay liberation movement. New organizations also began to rise up, like the Gay Liberation Front, which was founded in New York. -
OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), is a international cartel that inflates price of oil by limiting supply; Venezuela, Saudi Arabia and UAE are prominent members. An international oil cartel originally formed in 1960. By 1979, 1/2 of US pumps are out of gas. Represents the majority of all oil produced in the world. They attempt to limit production to raise prices. -
Period: to
1970's
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Title IX
Title IX was signed by President Nixon as part of the 1972 Education Act. It stated what males had, women had, no one should be discriminated against or excluded from anything based on sex. (equal opportunity, sports, scholarships) More sports teams were made for female athletes. It was at all schools and not specifically intended for sports. -
Watergate
5 of Nixon's "plumbers" stole democratic party campaign information from their headquarters, a broken wire tap occurred and they had to sneak in to fix it. They were caught and arrested. Nixon blows off the incident during the election of 1972, and distances himself from the case. Rumors spreads that Nixon pays the "plumbers" to keep quiet. It was soon revealed that Nixon was using the taping system. Nixon refused to give over the tapes and was eventually ordered and impeached. -
War Powers Resolution Act
The War Powers Resolution Act limits military operations executed by the president to only 60 days. (Same as today).After the sixty days is up, the president will need congressional approval.This is intended to check the presidents power. The original War Powers Act was passed during world war 2 to help Franklin Roosevelt. This makes the presidents role more efficient in war. The Gulf of Tonkin incident was the reason for it being passed now. -
Roe v. Wade
Roe v. Wade was a protest for legalized abortion. Most states outlawed it and sometimes only allowed it if the life of the mother was at risk or incest or rape etc. Norma McCorvey sued Texas for right of privacy under the name Jane Roe. SCOTUS ruled that outlawing abortion was unconstitutional and undid that law for every state. Women could not be criminalized during the 1st trimester. SCOTUS never agreed on when life begins, and it is still controversial today. -
Endangered Species Act
Wildlife was being killed of by industrialization and poison in their environment. The Endangered Species Act required fish and wildlife be put on an endangered species list. Once on the list and identified, steps were taken to protect these species. -
Jimmy Carter’s Presidency
Jimmy Carter was a democrat, he was a peanut farmer from Georgia and a former submarine commander. He was relatively unknown. He lost his first election against Ford, and vowed to run again. He barely wins that time. Populist excitement. He was the first president to nominate minorities (women in cabinet). He reestablished relations with China. He tried to run for another term, but due to the bad economy, and the hostage crisis he failed to rescue, he did not win. -
The Moral Majority
The Moral Majority was founded by Jerry Falwell, an evangelical preacher. He was pro-life, pro-family, pro-American, etc. This was a new religious movement that developed Protestant fundamentalism, they became energized about politics and social actions. This group pressured for legislation that would ban abortion and ban the states' acceptance of homosexuality.Formed conservative political block in late 70's and early 80's. -
Phyllis Schlafly
Phyllis Schlafly was a conservative female political activist. The Equal RIghts AMendment was passed by congress, but just needed to be ratified by the states. She stopped the ERA from being passed, seeing that it would hinder women more than it would help them. She organized conservative women and was supported by conservatives world wide. -
Three-Mile Island
A partial nuclear reactor meltdown occurred in East Pennsylvania. Nuclear radiation leaked out into a nearby town Americans were weary of the nuclear power. A mechanical failure and a human error at this power plant combined to permit an escape of radiation over a 16 mile radius. The worst in American history, harmed perception on nuclear power. -
Election of 1980
Running for president were Ronald Reagan (republican) and Jimmy Carter (democrat). Ronald Reagan was the former governor of California, a former actor in the 40’s and 50’s. Jimmy Carter ran for president in 1976 and won. He was peanut farmer from Georgia, a former submarine commander, and was relatively unknown. He was backed by the United Conservative coalition. During his first term, he had inherited a bad economy, and also failed to rescue the hostages from Iran. Therefore, Reagan won. -
Rap Music
Rap began in the South Bronx in the late 1970s early 1980's. Rap is essentially poetry delivered over a musical background. It is more like speaking than singing-but is speaking in rhythm. Rap's roots are traced back to Jamaica and its tradition of Toasting. In fact both of the first rappers were from the Caribbean. MC Kool Herc (Jamaica) and DJ Grandmaster Flash (Barbados) -
Period: to
1980's
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A.I.D.S. Crisis
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) affected thousands of homosexuals in the beginning of 1981. No one knew what it was, but they did know that it was spread throughout the homosexual community through blood transfusions. Many religious people saw this as a sign from God against homosexuality. -
Sandra Day O’Connor
Sandra Day O’Connor was the first female supreme court justice. She was nominated by Ronald Reagan. Sandra was considered a moderate and pragmatic but tended to side with conservatives. Later, she begins to side with liberals. She retired in 2006 when her husband was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s. -
Music Television (MTV)
At the beginning of the 1980's, a form of entertainment that came about was cable TV. ON cable TV, Music Television (MTV) became popular. It has since been utilized by political groups to reach the youth vote. It launched in 1981 for music TV; started in small market of New Jersey on cable and became a sensation; a generation of kids grew up watching music videos; started the careers of several famous musicians. -
Iran Hostage Crisis
Iran was a major oil supplier of the US, the Shah was the dictator & we backed him-brutal and anti-communist. Ayatollah Khomeini leads a Islamic revolution and takes over. We protect Shah. Shah is allowed into the US for cancer treatment after much debate. Angers the Ayatollah into attacking the US embassy in Tehran November 1979. 52 Americans were taken hostage when raided & special forces were sent to get them out, the helicopter crashes. Iraq invades Iran, Khomeini negotiates end, 444 days -
Reagan Presidency
Reagan became president in 1980. Domestic policy was known as Reaganomics: cut income & corporate taxes in hopes to spur the economy & create jobs. Reduced welfare spending (great society), & increase defense spending. On 3/31/81, there was an attempt assassination by John Hinckley. Tax reform consisted of reduced taxes. Anticipated tax revenue never came, but Americans were still happy & the economy did well. He was a Lax Manager (hands off approach) majority of the time. Created MAD and SDI. -
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) “Star Wars”:
SDI, AKA “star wars” was the creation of a missile defense against Soviets. Idea was satellites with lasers. The US intended to give the SU the SDI once it was created so that they both had it & no one would use their missiles. US hoped the SU would go bankrupt while trying to create the SDI. The SDI a failure for America & they quit early on, the SU however, took on the challenge & created the SDI. The process was expensive & many resented communism bc they didn’t have enough money for food. -
Reagan Doctrine
The Reagan Doctrine supported the rebels fighting against communism. Wherever it popped up, they wanted to get rid of it, instead of containing it. Oppose the global influence of the Soviet Union during the final years of the Cold War. U.S. provided overt and covert aid to anti-communist guerrillas and resistance movements in an effort to "rollback" Soviet-backed communist governments in Africa, Asia, and Latin America; opening the door for capitalism. -
Robert Johnson
He was an American blues singer-songwriter and musician. His landmark recordings display a combination of singing, guitar skills, and songwriting talent that has influenced later generations of musicians.He was the founder of BET (Black Entertainment Television). He sold the program to Viacom in 2001. Robert Johnson became first African American billionaire, popularizing rap music. -
Challenger Explosion
On January 28, 1986, the space shuttle “Challenger” exploded. On the space shuttle were 7 Americans including a school teacher. They were going to space to perform experiments, launch satellites and work on the International Space Station, launch satellites. The explosion was caused by the outer layer breaking off within seconds from takeoff. -
Technology
Technology significantly advanced in the 1980s and 1990s; personal computers, cell phones, smartphones, the Internet, the World Wide Web, and other electronic systems were created; changed how people worked, experienced leisure, and accessed information. Internet was used by over 2 billion people internationally to exchange information and send messages; helped businesses who could sell products and services virtually; gave people easy access to information. -
Period: to
1990's
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Election of 1992
The election of 1992 was William Jefferson Clinton (democrat) "Bill", George H.W. Bush (republican) and Ross Perot (independent). Clinton was the governor of Arkansas, charismatic and understanding. Bush was incumbent, large details and down turning economy, popular for Persian economy, Ross was a successful businessman and took votes from Bush leading to the win of Clinton. -
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) encompasses Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Iyt knocked down trade barriers. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) established rules fro several industries (agriculture and technology). Many Americans lost their jobs from NAFTA. NAFTA stopped Mexican knock-off products. -
Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell Policy
The Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell Policy put into place during Clinton presidency. Allowed gay and lesbian troops to be in the military as long as they kept the presence of their sexuality quiet. Compromise between prohibition against homosexuals in the armed forces and President Clinton's push to allow all citizens to serve regardless of sexual orientation. Authorities forbidden to ask about a service member's orientation. gay service personnel could be discharged if publicly revealed homosexuality. -
Health Care Reform
This was a 1993 health care reform package under the Clinton Administration. Required US citizen and permanent resident alien to become enrolled in a qualified health plan. President Clinton set up a task force led by his wife to come up with a plan to provide universal health care along these lines. The Health Care bill was defended by a Senate in Congress but was ultimately defeated in 1994 because there were not enough Democratic Senators behind a single proposal to pass a bill. -
World Trade Center Attack - 1993
A terrorist bomb exploded in a parking garage of the World Trade Center in New York City causing the collapse of several floors in the vicinity of the blast. The terrorist bomb failed to critically damage the main structure of the skyscrapers, six people were killed and more than 1,000 were injured. The World Trade Center suffered more than $500 million in damage. After the attack, authorities evacuated 50,000 people from the buildings, hundreds of whom were suffering from smoke inhalation. -
Contract with America
In 1994, conservative Republican congressional candidates signed a Contract with America pledging support for conservative reforms. It proposed a sweeping reduction in the role and activities of the federal government. Congress, however, passed few of the contract's proposals, or President Clinton vetoed them. -
Oprah Winfrey
Oprah Winfrey was a great philanthropist. She established Harpo Productions 1988, is one of TIME 100 Most Influential of 20th Century. In 1996 "Oprah Book Club"; 2003 Forbes listed as first African American female billionaire -
Lewinsky Affair
Monica Lewinsky had affair with President Clinton who denied it under oath, but there was physical evidence. Kenneth Starr heard about the affair from a female servant who was told in secrecy from Monica. Media gets the story. Clinton was impeached for perjury, but they didn't get the 2/3 vote required for impeachment. His resulting political battles kept him from being productive in his final term paving way for the seemingly moral Bush in 2000. There were many other -
Election of 2000
Candidates for the election of 2000 wee AL Gore (democrat) and George W Bush (republican). Gore was Clinton's VP and an environmentalist. Bush was the Governor of Texas and all about ownership society. Also running was Ralph Nader (independent/green party). He took votes from the other two candidates. It was the one of the closest elections in history. After much controversy, Bush won. -
Bush v. Gore (SCOTUS case)
In Florida, no one could decide who won the state election for 2000. They went in and recounted. Gore:266 electoral votes, Bush: 246. The counting and lawsuits last over a month, and Bush was telling them how to count-hanging chads. Bush won. But Gore was upset and sued saying you couldn't tell the judges how to count. Gore won lawsuit and recount said Gore wont the popular vote. -
George W. Bush Presidency
He entered office as one of only a handful Presidents to lose the nation’s popular vote. The election of 2000 and the Supreme Court case of Bush v. Gore remain two of the most controversial political developments in the last half-century. as one of his first actions, President Bush issued an executive order creating the Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives, alienated some who thought government money should not go to organizations affiliated w churches. 9/11, SS, immigration reform. -
Period: to
Contemporary
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PATRIOT ACT
The USA PATRIOT ACT of 2001 expanded the governments law enforcement power. Security concerns led to new federal legislation. Law enforcement an intelligence agencies can conduct wide-sweeping searches and surveillance. They can detain immigrants suspected of terrorism. They monitored bank accounts, and wire tapped people phones. Many question this executive power overreach. Put into place bc of 9/11. -
War On Terror
The War on error was the post 9/11 Foreign Policy: It shifted response to Terrorism from a criminal act to a war crime. Created the department of Homeland Security to take lead on all things related to US public security. Congress gave Bush permission to use force on whoever did it. Resulted in the military pursuit of Al-Qaeda cells all over the world, with/without permission of countries they were operating in -
9/11
19 Al-Qaeda hijackers board 4 planes. The 4 planes turn courses. 2 hit the world trade center buildings. 1 hit the Pentagon after a failed attempt at finding the White House. The 4th planes passengers fought back and subdued the terrorists. The plane took a nose dive. A total of 2,973 Americans died. -
Election of 2008
Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama fought for the Democratic nomination; John McCain as the Republican; Obama ran a grass roots campaign that engaged young voters and the black community; the failing economy was the centerpiece of the election. The winner of the 2008 election was Barack Obama. He was the first African American to become president. THAT'S MY PRESIDENT. -
First Hispanic SCOTUS judge - Sonia Sotomayor
Sonia Sotomayor was the first Hispanic and third woman justice in the Supreme Court's history, confirmed in August 2009. She got a full scholarship from Princeton and Yale. -
Obama Presidency
Barack Obama became president in 2008, he was the first African American to be elected president. His goal as president was to increase imports of petroleum and natural gas. During his presidency, Iran & North Korea started nuclear testing which caused Obama difficulty. Obama's most important issues were two overseas wars and economic downturn. Barack Obama created Obamacare which required people to have health insurance. Osama Bin Laden was killed which ended the war in Afghanistan. Create DACA -
Affordable Care Act (ACA) “Obamacare”
Obamacare reforms the health insurance industry and the American health care system as a whole. Gave Americans more rights and protections and expand access to affordable quality health care to tens of millions of uninsured. The law requires all Americans have health insurance by 2014 (or pay a per month fee for each month without minimum essential coverage). You could still buy private insurance. Added new way to get insurance.
