-
Tehran Conference
+European Advisory Commision ("BIg Three")
+germany should be fragmented
+cessions in territory, then split into occupation zones administered by US, GB and Soviet Union
+Together as Allied Control Council administering Berlin
+moving germanys eastern border westward
+france also wants occupation zone (from gb + us) -
Morgenthau Plan
+published some day in september
+plan by henry morgenthau, us secretary of treasury
+demilitiazation and deindustralization of germany
+turn germany into a mere agricultural state
+it was picked up by german gouvernment to inspire last-effort fighting, since germans obv didn't like that plan -
Yalta Conference
-
Roosevelt's death
-
Berlin Declaration
+WW2 allies assume SUPREME Power over germany -
Potsdam Conference
+5Ds and 3 Rs:
+Denazification: destroy NSDAP and its institutions
+Democratization: local democratic self-gouvernment
+Decentralization: of administration and economy
+Decartelization: destruction of state-run buisness and monopolies
+Reeducation: Democratization/denazification
+Reparations: ohh this again lol
+Resettlement: Germans in eastern territories, czech etc were forcibly moved to central/west germany
(supposed to be rare exception, carried out humanely)
+no plans for gouverning style -
Nuremberg Trials
+Thomas was only following orders
+Promoting Denazification
+24 political and military representatives of the NSDAP put on trial
+Making previously unknown war-crimes and atrocities public
+Majority of Germans percieved these trials as neseccary -
Nuremberg Verdicts
+twelve main war criminals sentenced to death
+other accused faced life or long prison sentences
+some occupation zones put physicians, lawyers, industrialists, foreign affair ahd wehrmacht members on trial
+688 death sentances in western zones -
Bizone
*USA offers creation of a joined occupational zone
+welcome offer for the british
+soviets and french reject offer -
Allies sign treaties with German allies
+(Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Finland) -
Truman Doctrine
+part of "containment policy"
+American SUpport for every country that feels threatened by the USSR
+assumption: communism inherently threathens the free world -
Economic Council for the Bizone
+In Frankfurt am Main
+First step towards becoming FRG, though at this time it was not there yet -
Marshall Plan Speech (inofficial)
+marshall plan not yet in effect, this is just a speech, that triggered talks withg interested countries and the soviet union -
Soviet Union rejects ERP
+Other eastern european countries follow their lead
+ -
London six-power COnference
+western states (france, britain, benelux) and usa
+importat decisions on western europe
+soviet union not invited to negotiations
=> insult to soviets -
USSR leaves Allied Control Council
+Reaction to London COnference where the USSR wasnt invited to
+ -
European Recovery Programme passed
+also known as: Marshall Plan
+part of "containment policy"
+law promises money and goods to aid recovery
+country must cooperate with other benefitiaries
+country must enter diplomatic talks with the USA
+division east/West because benefitiaries enter western economic and currency system -
DM replaces Reichsmark
+in western zones
+every german gets 40 dm and four weeks later another 20 -
West-Berlin Blockade and Ostmark
+Reaction to introduction of the DM
+Introduce Ostmark
+Blocked access to West Berlin for goods and supplies
+USA responds with Berlin Airlift
+first (scrapped) idea: military push to west berlin
+most radical soviet reaction yet
+THis defeats any plans of united german gouvernance
+in summer 1948 there is a counter blockade on eastern territories -
Period: to
Berlin Blockade
-
Basic Law commissioned
+London Documents outlining a future West-German constitution
+by France, GB and USA
+constitution should be written by the Parliamentary Council and required approval of the Allies
+no political party had a majority
+SPD wanted a more provisional gouvernment untile reunification with east germany
+CDU wanted the Basic law as a complete model for future united germany
+Strong Länder or strong NAtional Gouvernment?
+Planned economy or market economy?
+Fr+USA critisize centralized draft -
Trizone
+French join Bizone -
COMECON (USSR)
*coUNCIL FOR mUTUAL eCONOMIC aID
+reponse to Marshall Plan
+US policy portrayed as imperialist and agressive
+american policy seen as a threat -
Allies agree to Basic Law
+they eventually agree -
Parliamentary Council vote approves Basic Law
++accepted: 53 to 12
+denied by 6 CDU, 2 KPD, 2 CENTRE and 2 DP members -
All Blockades lifted
+after annoying negotiations
+ -
Landtage ratify Basic Law
+All Landtage agree
+except bavaria
+they think there is not enough independence for the länder
+cringe
+they accept the law as legally binding -
Basic Law enacted (FRG birth)
+FRG created -
SED initiates provisional Gouvernment
+calls for consultation with other parties and mass organizations
+ -
GDR created
+wow that was fast
+German Peoples COuncil enats an already accepted constitution, declares Otto Grotewohl (SED) the first ministerpresident and thereby creates the GDR -
Konrad Adenauer declaration
+says FRG is the "only legitimate gouvernmental organization of the german people" because the organization of the soviet zone had been established with only "a minority of loyal Germans" -
Petersberg Agreement
+FRG might join OECD (Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development)
+FRG gets rights to its own economic legislation, within established restrictions
+Adenauer thinks his policies are a success