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547
St. Benedict's Rule
St. Benedict formed a set of monastic rules. He was the leader of the monastic movement and divided days into sections for worship. This practice was to dedicate lives to God. -
632
Leadership change from Muhammad to Caliphate
Muhammad passed away in Medina. Caliphates formed and Caliphs led the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates. Sunni and Shia Muslim groups were formed. -
638
Siege of Jerusalem
The Rashidun army initially besieged Jerusalem but failed to take it. Caliph Umar went to Jerusalem intending to take the city. The Arabs successfully conquered Palestine. -
661
Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate was based in Syria. They expanded into Spain and replaced non-muslims in high positions. They focused on expanding their territory. -
718
Byzantines conquer Constantinople
Second attempt to take Constantinople. The Arab forces attacked by sea and land, trying to breach the walls. The Arab army consisted of 80,000 people. -
750
Abbasid Caliphate
Conquered the former Umayyad caliphate. Located in Iraq. During these years, a golden age was present as well as trade and religious tolerance. -
750
The Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was located between Africa and Europe and traded as such. They controlled Rome and had a well organized government. Justintinian ruled this empire and established a codified set of laws. -
800
First Holy Roman Emperor
This leader was crowned Pope Charlemagne. He ruled over parts of France and Germany. It is believed he did not want nor expect this Honor but let it happen anyway. -
1054
Schism
The Schism was a split in the church that caused their influence to weaken. The Eastern Orthodox church split from the Roman Catholic church. It was caused by differing religious and political opinions. -
1066
Creation of the Feudal System
Feudalism was a political system which promoted a decentralized form of government. Nobles were granted land in exchange for their loyalty to the King. Peasants often served and worked on the lands. -
1097
The Crusades
The Crusades was a battle against Christians and Muslims. The Pope pleas and challenges Western Europe to attempt to save the holy lands.In the end, the Muslim power achieved victory. -
1200
The Trans Saharan Trade Routes
The trans-saharan trade route was primarily controlled by the Ghana empire. Gold and salt were greatly valued. These routes connected the Mediterranean and West African civilizations. -
1215
The Magna Carta
The Magna Carta was a document that limited the powers of King John ll. This was the first time a monarch had been limited, and it gave the people hope. This documented prevented an internal civil war. -
1312
Mansa Musa's Reign
Mansa Mus was the leader of the Mali kingdom. He expanded existing trade routes to extend to the Middle East. He practiced Islamic traditions. -
1337
The Hundred Years War
The Hundred Years War was fought between England and France. It significantly weakened the Knight. The French party won over the English at the Battle of Castillon. -
1346
The Bubonic Plague
The Bubonic Plague/Black Death killed off a huge majority of the human population, an estimated third to half. This disease negatively affected social and economic ways of life. It was primarily spread through trade and rodents from Asia to Europe. -
1378
The Great Schism of 1378
The Great Schism was a split of the Catholic church from within. Multiple people claimed to be the Pope, which caused chaos. The conflict ended by the Council of Constance. -
1400
Rebirth of the Renaissance
The age of recovery came to be. Focused on education and the arts. There was a revival on character growth and well rounded people. -
1431
Joan of Arc
Joan said to have had visions from God telling her to fight for France in the war. The people did not like this and had her put to death for witchcraft. However, she did inspire France to achieve victory. -
1453
The Fall of Constantinople
Mehmet ll was responsible for this fall. The Ottoman sultan destroyed what remained of the Byzantine Empire. They attackers continued to expand into Eastern Europe.