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Alfred died in AD 899 and was buried at his main capital of Winchester, originally at the Old Minster (on the site of the present cathedral). We do not know the exact circumstances around his death, but it is possible that his pre-existing ill-health was a factor. -
The first confirmed reference to what can be considered gunpowder in China occurred more than three hundred years later during the Tang dynasty,first in a formula contained in the Taishang Shengzu Jindan Mijue in 808. -
II defeated the Neustrians at Tertry in 687 and reunified northern Francia under his own control during the next decade. Austrasia and Neustria were reunited under a series of Merovingian kings, who retained much traditional power and authority while Pippin II consolidated his position as mayor of the palace. -
The battle ended with a decisive Pictish victory which severely weakened Northumbria's power in northern Britain. Ecgfrith was killed in battle, along with the greater part of his army. The Pictish victory marked their independence from Northumbria, who never regained their dominance in the north. -
At a landmark meeting known to us as the Synod of Whitby,Chisian missionaries gathered at Whitby Abbey to put forward their respective arguments.The Synod of Whitby was a Christian administrative gathering held in Northumbria in 664, wherein King Oswiu ruled that his kingdom would calculate Easter and observe the monastic tonsure according to the customs of Rome rather than the customs practised by Irish monks at Iona and its satellite institutions. -
Xochicalco was founded by Olmeca-Xicalanca. They were Maya traders originally from the area of present-day Campeche. The city maintained a population of between 10,000 and 15,000 residents. The civilization lasted some 200+ years as an important commercial and religious center along several trade routes of the era. -
In 645 Prince Nakano Ōe and Nakatomi Kamatari engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. -
The Battle of Nahavand was one of the most decisive battles in Islamic history and proved to be the key to Persia. After a devastating defeat at Nahavand ,the last sassanid emperor ,Yazdegerd iii,fled to different parts of Persia to raise a new army. WIth limited success while Umar attempted to capture him. -
The crowning blow in this effort was the Battle of Hattin on July 4,1187,in which the Muslim forces of Saladin vanquished the armies of Guy,King of Jerusalem. Saladin then proceeded to take most of the cities and castles of the defenseless Crusader States. Jerusalem fell in October ,1187. -
The battle was fought between Oswald of Northumbria and King Cadwallon of Wales. After the victory at Heathfield in 633 AD Oswald gained supremacy over Northumbria. The Welsh attacked from the north and Cadwallon was killed and the force defeated. -
Khan Kubrat managed to unite the Onogur Bulgars with the tribes of the Kutrigurs and Utigurs under a single rule, creating a powerful confederation which was referred to by the medieval authors in Western Europe as Old Great Bulgaria, or Patria Onoguria. -
He returned to Mecca one last time to perform a pilgrimage, and tens of thousands of Muslims joined him. After the pilgrimage, he returned to Medina. Three months later on June 8, 632 he died there, after a brief illness. He is buried in the mosque in Medina. -
In 612 BC, the Babylonians mustered their army again and joined with Median king Cyaxares encamping against Nineveh. They laid siege to the city for three months and, in August, finally broke through the defenses and began plundering and burning the city. The major factor in the city's downfall was the Medes. -
The prophet Muhammad completed his Hegira, or “flight,” from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution. In Medina, Muhammad set about building the followers of his religion Islam into an organized community and Arabian power. The Hegira would later mark the beginning (year 1) of the Muslim calendar. -
The essential administrative system of this dynasty lasted for almost 300 years. One important discovery that was made during the Tang Dynasty was woodblocking printing. They developed a successful form of government and administration on the Sui model,and stimulated a cultural and artistic flowering that amounted to a golden age. -
The Grand Canal's main role throughout its history was the transport of grain to the capital.The Grand Canal formed the backbone of the Empire’s inland communication system,transporting grain and strategic raw materials,and supplying rice to feed the population. By the 13th century it consisted of more than 2,000 km of artificial waterways,linking five of China's main river basins. -
Roman Persian War represents the world's longest military conflicts,lasting over 600 years. The Roman Empire ultimately won the Roman-Persian wars,the victory was short-lived,as both the Roman and Persian empires were conquered by Mohammad towards the end of the 7th century CE. -
The Sui endeavored to rebuild the country by reestablishing and reforming many imperial institutions.The Great Wall of China expanded.It managed to unify China following the split of northern and southern dynasties period. -
Muhammad was born the same year in which South Arabian King Abraha attempts to conquer Mecca and is thwarted by a divine intervention later alluded to in surah 105 of the quran. Muhammad's father passes away before his birth ,leaving him in the care of his paternal grandfather. -
Significantly weakened the Byzantine empire,both economically and in the military. The wars led to political reconfiguration,cultural integration,and transformation.The Gothic War is a pyrrhic victory ,which drained the Byzantine Empire of resources that might have been employed against more serious threats in western Asia and the Balkans.