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15 Passenger Bill
Congress restricted number of Chinese passengers allowed on a ship coming to the U.S. to 15. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
Congress prevents Chinese laborers from immigrating for 10 years, or obtaining "certificates of return." -
Scott Act
Congress prevented all Chinese laborers who left the U.S. from reentering, canceling all previos "certificates of return." -
Chinese Exclusion Laws
Congress makes all Chinese Exclusion Laws permanent. -
Period: to
African American Migration
Approximately 25,000 African-Americans migrated to Seattle, Washington and Portland, Oregon. -
Repeal
Congress repealed all laws having to do with the exclusion and deportation of the Chinese. They then permitted 105 Chinese to immigrate yearly, and enabled them to become citizens.