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1500
First immigration
Humans migrated from Russia to North America.
They crossed the land bridge which was created by climate change.
They followed animals like caribou all the way to North America -
Jan 1, 1500
First natives in North America
There were the Algonquins who were nomadic they did not believe in private and they shared everything.
Iroquois were semi-sedimentary they, for the most part, stayed in a place for a decade and then moved away when the wood supporting the village started to rot.
These people were here 30 thousand years before Christ. -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
population and Immigration
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Jan 1, 1501
Relationships between the Native People
Even though the Native people were spread out on a vast territory, they did not get along. They were usually in conflict if they were ever closer together. Even the Hurons and the Iroquois who were a part of the same family were at war. These conflicts were based on commercial issues and attempt to restore pride. -
1534
Exploration of the saint-Lawrence river by Jacques Cartier
Jacques Cartier left Europe and went on a voyage for 3 reasons, he wanted to find gold and silver, he wanted to colonize a new land, and finally a new route to Asia. He went east and sailed across the Atlantic ocean. When he reached the Gulf of Saint Lawrence where he found lots of fish and furs. He eventually sailed to Stadacona where the natives showed him how to survive. He wanted to set up a colony he tried but did not succeed and went back to France -
Jan 1, 1535
Trades between the french and natives
The French and the natives offered a lot for each other.
The French would give anything metallic like. They gave them weapons and cutlery.
The natives gave them timber and fish and furs.
Eventually, when a trust was gained between the two sides the French would give them guns in exchange for furs stocked up to the same height as the gun. -
60 years later
The king's interest in North America rejuvenated, so in 1605 he sent Champlain back to North America to establish a settlement in Nova Scotia although this voyage failed. Champlain returned a few years later and established a trading post in Stadacona. This establishment would be the starting point for New France. -
Negatives between the french and the natives
The relationship between the French and the natives was on and off. To start the negatives where they fought a lot they had a lot of wars between them. The two groups also gave each other diseases mostly the French giving the natives quite a few which killed entire villages. The French also took away land of the natives and forced them to move away. -
The company of One Hundred Associates
In 1627, the King of France asked the company of One Hundred Associates to populate New France. The population at the time was only about 100 people. At the end of their due date to attract 4000 immigrants they only managed a few hundred. The immigrants were mostly men who came to battle in wars and trade for furs. Only a few of them came with their wives. -
Jean Talon's first wave
There weren't many people living in New France, Jean Talon was put in charge of growing the population of New France by minister colbert. He took a census of all military that could be recruited. When many soldiers came to New France, Jean Talon asked for them to stay and that he would offer a 3 year deal with them, and that they would get their own private property. -
Filles de Roi
In order to balance the population between men and women in New France, the king had girls that were old enough to get married shipped off to New France. The men would choose who their spouse would be. The women preferred men who already owned a house. More than 800 women moved to New France and they gave birth to 4450 children. -
seigneurial system
Finally, a new colony was established in Quebec, although in order to keep it going they needed a way to divide the land within the colony. The king would give a piece of land to the rich who were the seigneurs, and these guys would give out land to the censitaires. Everyone would have their own responsibilities. The peasants would cultivate on the farm and help each other build new places and have lots of babies there would be the church to educate and teach religion. -
The British regime
The british people won over North America beating France. The Britsih took control, most of the french stayed, while the rich and wealthy french went back to france. Even though the British were in control of the land. The population of french was still 99% to a 1% British. In 1763, when the wealthy buisnessmen moved to Quebec was the first wave of English immigration. -
Loyalists
During the American Revolution, 36000 loyalists left the USA to move to Canada. Of those 36,000 loyalists, 2000 of the Loyalists move to Quebec. Most of these people were farmers. These people clear the lands near the Saint-Laurent River. In the end because of the clearing they Stobbs the Eastern Township -
Constitutional Act
Immigrants move to North America to join the French population in Quebec. At the end of the Revolutionary War, the USA was founded. Although the Loyalists who are faithful to Great Britain stayed in Quebec. The French and the British did not like each other. Therefore the province of Quebec was divided into Upper Canada involving the British and Lower Canada evolving the French. -
Life expectancy
During the 18th century, the mortality rate was high. Out of 1000 people, between 24 and 40 died, most of the deaths babies and children. This happened because of the poor quality of water, wars, and sanitation. During the 19th century, the mortality rate dropped because of the discoveries of medical treatment and better quality food. Between the year 1796 to the 19th century, vaccines were developed and were highly recommended. -
Increase of immigration
1815 in Europe, Great Britain beat the French in a war but at the same time. The population was increasing at a very rapid rate, there was a lot of unemployment happening and the poverty rate was around 15%. The British government encouraged the English Scottish and Irish unemployed families to move to Canada. For the most part, these people move to the Quebec region. -
Contagious Diseases
In the 19th century, immigration had its negative consequences such as diseases. An example of this would be Cholera in 1830's, more than 3000 people died from this disease. These people were put on a quarantine zone on Grosse-Ile waiting for these people to get better before letting them in Canada -
John A MacDonald immigration
In 1867 federal government leader John A MacDonald, suggested a massive immigration towards Western provinces. Many of these people came from Great Britain or Eastern Europe. From 1901 to 1931 Canada welcomed around 4,600,00 people -
Relationships with Amerindians
1876 the federal government created the Indian act stating that the Amerindians reserves were still owned by them. Once World War II happened Quebec decided to exploit these Amerindian regions of their natural resources. The provincial government initiative and started some Project without consulting with the Amerindians first. The Amerindians got upset and expressed their feelings through media awareness. The government of Quebec concluded to an agreement to compensate for their actions. -
First phase of industrialization
The first phase of industrialization happened.Working conditions were very tough. Everyone worked many hours during the day, they got low pay, worked in dangerous conditions and were beaten as well. This first phase was for making finished products like toys and clothes. Unfortunately, for Quebec, a lot of people left the city to move somewhere else. They either went to the USA for better pay and easier work conditions or moved out west to start a rural life. -
The Second phase of Industrialization
The second phase of industrialization was more for mining minerals. Instead of making finished products they would sell these minerals to make finished products. Even though working conditions were a lot better and a lot easier they were still just as dangerous because of all the mining. -
French Canadian emigration
Between the years of 1870 and 1930, the movement away from the cities from the French Canadians continued. Some of these people settled as farmers in Ontario Manitoba and Saskatchewan. They use a railroad system to travel across the country. Most of the people made New England as a primary option. In total, the population dropped in Quebec by 10%. -
Evolution of the birth rate
At the end of 19th-century birth rate declined in Canada but French woman were still having many children. During the first half of the 20th-century birth lead to a decreased rate. One reason families living in the city had smaller families was because living in the city was harder to get food because of its expense. -
Ethical immigration
In the sixties the federal government put an end to discrimination based on ethnic origin, so basically they were allowing people to immigrate to Canada from all countries and continents. To ensure Quebec capital language, they had their own policies of who they're going to let into their province. In 1986 Quebec created the ministry of immigration. Quebec selected its immigrants and refugees based on integration criteria. -
Population distribution in the province
The proportion of Quebec population changes from 35% to 80%. The development of new Machinery made people move from the countryside to the city this rural exodus lasted for decades. People who wanted to live a better life moved away from the city to go to the suburbs.
