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Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Population
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Sep 8, 1500
Bering Strait Land Bridge
This was the land bridge used by the first occupants to get to North America from Siberia. -
Sep 8, 1534
Jacques Cartier
Jacques Cartier went on three voyages. The first one was in 1534. During this voyage he explored the Gulf of the Saint Lawrence. During his second voyage in 1535 and 1536, he explored the Saint Lawrence River and encountered First Nations People at Stadacona and Hochelaga. During his third voyage in 1541, Cartier tried to bring settlers, but failed due to the harsh winters. -
Port Royal, Nova Scotia
Port Royal was established in 1605. Champlain was part of this, however it failed because of its position. -
Samuel de Champlain
Champlain was the first person to settle in Quebec in 1608. His first contact with Aboriginals was with the Algonquins. He allied with them and became enemies with the Iroquois. -
Quebec City
Quebec City was founded in 1608 by Samuel de Champlain. It was first known as Stadacona. -
French Regime
The French Regime began in 1608 and finished in 1760. -
Company of 100 Associates
The King of France granted this company a trade monopoly on fur in New France. A trade monopoly is the exclusive exploitation of a resource or a market by an individual or a company. In return, the company had to bring with them on their voyages, settlers to live in New France -
Trois Rivières
Trois Rivières was founded in 1634. -
Ville Marie
Ville Marie was founded in 1642. It later becomes Montreal. -
Intendant Jean Talon
Jean Talon was sent to New France by King Louis XIV. He encouraged anybody to come to New France except the French Protestants. He had measures to attract new population. These measures included: giving free land to the soldiers and engages if they agree to stay in New France after their service, and encouraging the Filles du Roi to come with incentives. -
British Regime
The British Regime began in 1760 and ended in 1867. At the beginning of the British Rule, the population was 99% French and 1% English, however they were all British subjects. -
British Immigration Policies
British immigration began in 1763, when the wealthy businessmen came, looking to take over.
Immigration polices began in 1791 when they started giving land to shipping and railroad companies.
In 1812, there were laws that discouraged American immigration in Upper Canada.
In 1840, there was Colonial Land and an Emigration Commission and a permanent immigration office in London.
From 1763 to 1783, British merchants arrived in the cities.
From 1783 to 1800, Loyalists and Americans immigrated. -
Royal Proclamation
The document that gave New France to Britain. The territory was renamed the province of Quebec. English laws and the Anglican Church were introduced. -
Quebec Act
In this act, the oath of allegiance was replaced with one that no longer made reference to the protestant faith. Free practice of the catholic faith was guaranteed. French civil law was restored, English common law was maintained. -
American Revolution
As of 1776, the 13 colonies officially declared their independence. During the revolution, about 15% of the population remained loyal to the King of England. Almost 46,000 Loyalists came to British North America. Nearly 10,000 of them came to Quebec. -
Constitutional Act
This Act divided British North America into Upper and Lower Canada. Upper Canada was mainly English Canadian, and Lower Canada was mainly French Canadian. This Act also opened up new land to be given to the Loyalists entering Canada. They colonized the Eastern Townships. -
Act of Union
This Act united Upper and Lower Canada into one territory, Canada. The French found themselves as the minority despite the efforts of the rebel group called the Patriotes. English became the official language. -
The Great Famine
Between 1845 and 1852, there was a period of mass starvation in Ireland. The main food source in Ireland was potatoes and they got a disease which made them inedible. Approximately 1 million people died and another million emigrated. Many emigrated to British North America. Some of them carried diseases, so they were quarantined at Grosse Île to make sure they were healthy. -
Confederation
Under the British North America Act, four provinces joined together to create the Dominion of Canada. These provinces were Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Ontario. -
Contemporary Period
The Contemporary Period began in 1867 with Confederation. We are currently living in the Contemporary Period. -
First Canadian Census
Quebec's population was 1191516 people. More than one million of them were French. -
Baby Boom
Post World War II, economic prosperity and the return of the soldiers lead to the growth of the population. This was because lots of people were getting married and having children. The fertility rate increased to 3.84 children per woman. More women were giving birth in hospitals which lowered the mortality rate. -
Immigration Act of 1952
This act specified the criteria used to determine wether or not an immigrant could enter. British subjects, French citizens, US residents and Asians that had family already living in Canada were encouraged to come. Asians without family in Canada, Indians, Pakistans and Sri Lankans were discouraged from coming. -
The White Paper
The immigration criteria changed. It was then based on skills, knowledge of French and English and level of English. -
Immigration Act of 1976
There was an Immigration Act put into place in 1976. Its main objectives were to encourage population growth, enrich cultural heritage, facilitate family reunions and the adaption of new residents into the society, selection with non discriminatory criteria and to maintain humanitarian attitude towards Refugees. -
The Charter of the French Language
Also known as Bill 101, this charter was introduced to protect the French language in Quebec. It also made immigrant children go to French school. -
Quebec Government Policies after 1980
1980: Office de garde à l'enfance
1986: Parents receive tax breaks when they have children
1997: Centre de la Petite Enfance and 5$ a day daycare is introduced
2005: Quebec Parental Insurance Plan
