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Abraham Ortelius
Hypothesis: The idea that continents drift was first put forward by him (Continental Drift).
Evidence: He noticed that the shapes of continents on either side of the Atlantic ocean seemed to fit together (South Africa and Africa).
Agreed or Disagreed: The scientist at the time disagreed with his hypothesis due to the fact that he did not have evidence to support his point of why the continents were moving apart.
Fact: First created the modern atlas ( Theatrum Orbis Terrarum). -
James Hutton
Hypothesis: Earths history could be determined by understanding how the process such as erosion and sedimentation occur. compared rock layers to rocks above and below.
Evidence: The process of erosion, deposition, sedimentation, and upthrusting must have repeated.
Agree/Disagree: Scientist agreed cause he provided evidence, even though his explanation was a bit difficult to understand. -
Alfred Wegener
Hypothesis:He suggested that all the continents were part of a supercontinent called Pangea.
Evidence:He stated that South Africa, Africa, India, and Australia were closer together 280 mya. He saw that mountains and rock formations on various continents had similar origins. The fossil of Glossopteris had also been discovered in South America, Africa, India, and Autralia.
Disagree/Agree:Scientist disagreed because he did not have much evidence and needed to show what force caused this movement. -
Arthur Holmes
Hypothesis: Noticed the mechanical and thermal implications of mantles convection.
Evidence: Earths mantle contained convection cells that ad radioactive heat and moved the crust at the surface.
Agree/ Disagree: The scientist disagreed because his hypothesis was at a time that continental drift was not accepted and he needed more evidence in order to prove to others. -
Harry Hess
Hypothesis: Sea floor spreading theory-the process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust id formed through volcanic activity.
Evidence: The convection of the Earths mantle was the force behind this process. Hot magma would ride from under the crust at the Great Global rift.
Agree/Disagree: Scientist agreed with his idea because he provided evidence to support Wegener's idea and used sea floor spreading to explain what moved continents. -
Federick J. Vine
Hypothesis: Remnant magnetic field pattern on sea floor as new crust spreads out from mid-ocean ridges (Vine-Matthews Hypothesis).
Evidence: There are areas of normal and reverse magnitude polarity in the sea floor.
Agree/Disagree: His idea wasn't initially well-received, and Vine and Matthews themselves wanted further evidence.That would happen two years later, when Tuzo Wilson, Harry Hess, and Vine all came together in Cambridge and were then accepted by the scientist. -
Drummond Hoyle Matthews
Hypothesis:The magnetic stripes on the sides of the ridges on the ocean floor were the result of seafloor spreading.
Evidence:He observed surveys he had made of portions of Carlsberg mid-ocean ridge in the northwest Indian Ocean.It showed a pattern of magnetic anomalies, specifically reverse polarities, running in parallel stripes and virtually symmetrical on either side of the ridge.
Agree/Disagree:Scientist agreed with him because he gave evidence and they started to accept continental drift. -
Lawrence Marley
Hypothesis: Rocks on the ocean floor were imprinted with records of directions and intensities of the earths magnitude field.
Evidence: New magma rising up at mid-ocean ridge contain Iron and the rocks magnetic elements would be locked at their current magnetic position. Overtime magnetic poles reverse, locking the new elements with opposite orientation than the previous.
Agree/Disagree:Scientist accepted his idea because he gave a lot of evidence and proved theories from previous scientist.
