World History Period 3 Significant Events

East Asia: The Start of the Sui Dynasty

581

Political
The Sui Dynasty united China and prepared China for its later golden age with the Grand Canal, among other things.

East Asia: The Fall of the Sui Dynasty and Rise of the Tang Dynasty

Jan 1, 618

Political
The rise of the Tang facilitated China's golden age, increased trade along the Silk Road for China, and increased its influence.

East Asia: China's Golden Age

Period: Jan 1, 618 to Jan 1, 1271

Social and Economic
The Tang, and later the Song, allowed China to prosper with Silk Road trade, the tributary system, and many innovations and inventions.

Middle East: The Hijra and Creation of the Umma

Jan 1, 622

Religion
Muhammad created the shared Islamic identity of Muslims, the umma, and started the Islamic calendar. The religion would eventually become important in locations worldwide.

Middle East: The Start of the Islamic Caliphates

Jan 1, 632

Political and Religion
Muhammad's successors created the first Islamic Caliphate, which would eventually unite and spread Islam throughout the Middle East and North Africa.

East Africa: The Beginning of the Swahili Civilization

Period: Jan 1, 700 to Jan 1, 750

Political
The beginning of the Swahili Civilization marked the start of the increase in trade and cultural contact in East Africa.

Middle East: Fall of the Umayyad Caliphate and Rise of the Abbasid Caliphate

Jan 1, 750

Political
The transition between caliphates showed that non-Arabs were increasingly wanting to be involved with the politics of the caliphates.

Europe: The Schism in Christianity

Jan 1, 1054

Religion
The Schism divided the east and the west; uneasiness between the two churches resulted in divisiveness​ and animosity​; the churches remain split to this day.

West Africa: Fall of the Kingdom of Ghana

Jan 1, 1076

Political
Ghana's decline allowed other nations, namely Mali, to rise and take up Ghana's previous role of the primary trading nation in the area.

Europe: The Start of the First Crusade

Jan 1, 1095

Religion and Political
The start of the Crusades coincides with Western Europe's increase in interaction with the rest of the world, and ideas and innovations spread.

Europe: The Height of the Hanseatic League

Period: Jan 1, 1200 to Jan 1, 1400

Economic and Political
The Hanseatic League allowed trade to prosper in Northern Europe because it protected and endorsed its members and their commerce.

Europe: The End of the Crusades

Jan 1, 1204

Political
The end of the Crusades brought stability to Europe, and the stability fostered growth; many innovations were created or exchanged.

South Asia: The Creation of the Delhi Sultanate

Jan 1, 1206

Political
The Delhi Sultanate was created through forceful invasions of South Asia, and it caused destruction and the spread of Islam.

West Africa: Takrur's Growth in Importance

Jan 1, 1220

Political
Takrur's increase in importance in West Africa under Sumanguru lead to increased political power for Sumanguru and more trade in the area.

East Africa: Expansion of Trade along Swahili Coast

Jan 1, 1250

Economic
Because East Africa became more integrated to other places by trade, cities were created, and goods and customs were exchanged​.

East Africa: The Rise of Great Zimbabwe

Jan 1, 1250

Political
With the rise of Great Zimbabwe, East Africa had a major trading nation based on gold. The kingdom increased trade in the area.

Middle East: Fall of Abbasid Caliphate and Rise of the Mongol Il-khan Khanate

Jan 1, 1258

Political
The end of the Abbasid Caliphate ended Islam's control over politics in the Middle East because Mongol outsiders took control.

West Africa: Creation of Mali

Jan 1, 1260

Political
With the Malinke people's defeat of Sumanguru, the most important Islamic trading nation along the Saharan Trade Routes was created.

East Asia: The Mongol Conquest of China

Jan 1, 1271

Political
The Mongols founded the Yuan Dynasty in much of the area of present-day China for the first time, changing the country a lot.

South Asia: The Delhi Sultanate Gains Control of Gujarat

Jan 1, 1298

Political
The Sultanate took over India's most prosperous region, integrating the economy of Gujarat with that of Delhi and other places.

West Africa: Mansa Kankan Musa Pilgrims to Mecca

Period: Jan 1, 1312 to Jan 1, 1337

Religous
When Mali's ruler returned from Mecca, he promoted Islam in Mali extensively, leading to the religion's dominance in the area.

Middle East: Fall of the Mongol Il-Khan Khanate

Jan 1, 1330

Political and Social
The fall of the khanate prevented the Mongol's from further ruining life in the area as the agriculture and customs had been previously neglected.

South Asia: Bengal Leaves the Delhi Sultanate

Jan 1, 1338

Political
Starting the decline of the Sultanate, Bengal left the Sultanate due to internal unrest within the Sultanate and became a hotspot for the Sufi traditions.

Europe: The Black Death Outbreak

Period: Jan 1, 1347 to Jan 1, 1350

Area and Social
The Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe's population, resulting in a demand and increasing in rights for skilled workers and mass emigration from cities.

East Africa: Gold Runs Outs in Great Zimbabwe

Jan 1, 1350

Area
When gold supplies ran out, Great Zimbabwe fell because it could no longer sustain its gold trade in the Indian Ocean.

East Asia: The Fall of the Yuan Dynasty and the Rise of the Ming

Jan 1, 1368

Political
When the Yuan Dynasty fell, it allowed the Chinese to dispose of Mongol leaders and reinstate Chinese at the top as the Ming Dynasty.

South Asia: Gujarat Leaves the Delhi Sultanate

Jan 1, 1390

Political
When Gujarat left the Sultanate, it caused unrest; the Sultanate was in trouble as Gujarat was one of the most important provinces, economically and politically.

South Asia: The Fall of the Delhi Sultanate

Jan 1, 1398

Political
The final catalyst of the Sultanate's fall, the invasion by the Turko-Mongols, caused the Islamic government to fall, allowing Hinduism to return to prominence.

West Africa: Fall of the Mali Empire

Jan 1, 1433

Political
When the Mali Empire declined, West Africa had become disunified and lost much of its importance in trade and Islam.

East Africa: Presence of Islam

Jan 1, 1500

Religion
By 1500, Islam had spread to East Africa, resulting in diverse languages, new customs, and increased trade for the Swahili Coast.