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First Children's Hospital
Paris, France: The first hospital for sick children (Hôpital des Enfants Malades) was made. It was a gradual move to separate institutions for ill children in order to separate them from the ill adults. -
Stethoscope Creator
The stethoscope was invented in 1816 by a young French physician named Rene Theophile H. Laennec. This is used by pediatricians everywhere. -
Edward Jenner
He treated small pox in both arms of a young boy who became immune to small pox. This was a big breakthrough in medical history for pediatrics. -
Dr. Abraham Jacob
He established the pediatricians chairs at New York Medical College. Pediatricians were finally recognized as their own category of specialists. Jacobi is known as the "Father of Modern Pediatrics". -
Infant Therapeutic Society
In Germany, doctors formed an Infant Therapeutic Society. This was one of the first ones and it helped make pediatricians more known across the world. People started to understand what they do. -
Nurse's Duties
The nurse's duties would consists of aiding the physician by making notes and cleaning and maintaining the patients' ward. Also, the director would have reason to suspect their integrity, intentions, and worth if they use "liquor in any form, gets her hair done at a beauty shop, or frequents dance halls...". The pay was very little and most did not consider them "medical related." -
Hospital Care
Over the course of the twentieth century, hospital care for children became a more organized and clean place. More technological advances were made and soon more difficult diseases were being solved. Before this most children with actual diseases would die off. Some of the kids in the hospital weren't even sick, just poor, so they'd eat food at the hospital. But this changed in 1910. -
School Pediatric Nursing
From 1905 to 1915, Wald convinced the Board of Education to hire a nurse to work in the school system. Before this if a child was sick at school they would be taken home and not allowed at school again. Wald argued that this practice was inhumane and arranged for a nurse to work at school to take care of childern. This is what started jobs for school nurses. -
Dr. Horton Casparis
Dr. Casparis talked about how "every child needs security." He was always interested in the mental well-being and physical health of children. He made several major discoveries including vaccines formed from chicken embryos. -
AAP
American Academy of Pediatrics was established. The mission of the American Academy of Pediatrics is to get the best physical, mental, and social health for infants, children, and young adults. Their leaders are constructed of ten members and they vote on present issues. -
Hugh McCulloch
Hugh M. made a journal called, Pediatrics, to show the needs of a child with encompassing physical, mental, emotional, and social structure all in one. This was a big point for doctors everywhere because pediatrics now had a new standered for what was expected of them. -
Child Health Services and Pediatric Education
The AAP, APS and U.S. Children's Bureau published a national survey, "Child Health Services and Pediatrics Education." It talks about the facts and health of children in the USA. It also talked about what problems could happen and qualifications which led to important influences on healthcare and pediatric education. It helped the public understand what pediatrics do and their education. -
First American textbook of Pediatrics
This was published by Dr. Lawrence Wilkins. It was called, The Diagnosis and Treatment of Endocrine Disorders in Children and Adolescents. This is what many pediatrics studied back then in their education to learn more about their subject. -
Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Duties
Pediatric nursing duties started to change in the 1960's. People realized the importance of nurses and what they did for childern's health. Now they ensure patients' safety, make sure that the environment is in good shape, record and present the data of the patient to the doctors and family, and collaborate with the care team and family of the patient so "proper care of the patient’s health progress is maintained." -
Increase of Residency Training and Incorporation of Other Issues
This needed to happen because more and more people were getting into pediatrics. Other issues, like behavioral, developmental and adolescent issues, were going to need to be addressed. These are just a few of the anticipated changes that are in the 1978 Report. -
Virtual Reality
Even though virtual reality (VR) has been recognized as a thing for some time, now, and invented since even farther back, this is the year when it started to be used in health care. VR can be very beneficial. For example, it's helpful to children with disabilities. They can be put into a virtual evironment that has been made to fit their needs and interact as they would in the real world, but be able to be understood without judgement. It can train them to use motor skills, too. -
Duties of Pediatrics
Before, pediatrics were known for general checkups and required less education. People associated them with women giving birth. Now the field has gotten a lot more competitive because many people want to be in pediatrics which has made the education level increase and the duties and jobs of pediatrics have also gone up. Now pediatrics treat infections, childhood diseases, general checkups, family health practice, and diagnosis thing based on visual and auditory indicators. -
Educational Requirements
Pediatrics now require four years of undergraduate college, four years of medical school, and three to eight year of residencies. They must also pass the U.S. medical licensing examination to practice as physicians with either a M.D or D.O degree. Lastly, they can be in a M.D program of: anatomy, biochemistry, psychology, physiology, and/or pathology -
Dr. Arnold Strauss
Strauss went to Vadnerbilt with an outstanding reputation in Pediatric Cardiology. -
Salary
$94,000 to $200,000 anually -
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Resources
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1200641/, http://www.pediatrics.com/history-pediatrics, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.46.5570&rep=rep1&type=pdf, http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Medical_education.aspx, http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/86/3/349.abstract, http://jobdescriptionandresumeexamples.com/pediatric-nurse-practitioner-job-description-sample-duties-and-responsibilities/, http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Pediatrician,_General/Salary -
Picture Resources
