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Toussaint Louverture
Leader of the Haitian Revolution, whos military genius and political sharpness led to the establishment of the independent black state of Haiti, transforming an entire society of slaves into a free, self-governing people. -
James Watt Perfects Steam Engine
Watt made an outside condenser & a valve system that allowed the piston to be pushed by steam in both directions. He also converted the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion using sun and planet gearing. -
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Reign of King Louis XVI
King of France and Navarre from 1775 until 1791, after which he was subsequently King of the French from 1791 to 1792, before his deposition and execution during the French Revolution. -
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American Revolution
Political upheaval during the end of the 17th century where the 13 American colonies united to break from the British. The Colonies joined together after defeating the British to become the United States of America. -
Spinning Mule Developed
Machine used to spin cotton and other fibres in textile mills -
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Simon Bolivar
Venezuelan military and political leader who played a big part in Latin America's independence. -
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French Revolution
Period of political & social upheaval causing the absolute monarchy that had ruled France to collapse. -
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Haitian Revolution
Slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, which culminated in the elimination of slavery there and the founding of the Haitian republic. The Haitian Revolution was the only slave revolt which led to the founding of a state. -
Cotton Gin Developed
Quickly & easily seperates cotton from seeds, allowing for better productivity. -
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Reign of Napoleon
French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the latter stages of the French Revolution and its associated wars in Europe, was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815 -
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Wars of Independence in Latin America
Revolutions that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and resulted in the creation of a number of independent countries in Latin America. -
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Congress of Vienna
Congress of ambassadors of European states chaired by Austrian Klemens Wenzel von Metternich. Created 5 powers of Europe; Austria, Prussia(Germany), Britain, France, & Russia. -
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First Opium War
Climax of disputes over trade and diplomatic relations between China under the Qing Dynasty and the British Empire. -
Communist Manifesto Published
Written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels is one of the world's most influential political manuscripts. Contains theories about the nature of society and politics and briefly features how capitalism will eventually be replaced by socialism and then communism. -
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Taiping Rebellion
Civil war in southern China from 1850 to 1864, against the ruling Manchu-led Qing Dynasty, that was led by Hong Xiuquan. -
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Crimean War
Conflict between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The war was part of a long-running contest between major European powers for influence over territories of the declining Ottoman Empire. -
Bessemer process developed
First inexpensive industrial process for mass production of steel from molten iron. Named after the inventor Henry Bessemer and had been used outside of Europe for a while but not for mass production purposes. -
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Second Opium War
War pitting the British Empire and the Second French Empire against the Qing Dynasty of China, lasting from 1856 to 1860. It was fought over similar issues as the First Opium War. -
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Sepoy Rebellion
Mutiny of sepoys of the East India Company's army, in the town of Meerut, that escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India. -
Origin of Species Published
Work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin which is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. -
Emancipation of Russian Serfs
Amounted to the liquidation of serf dependence previously suffered by peasants of the Russian Empire. In some of its parts, the serfdom was abolished earlier. -
Meiji Restoration
Chain of events that restored imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. -
Suez Canal
Artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. -
Unification of Germany
Politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on 18 January 1871 at the Versailles Palace's Hall of Mirrors in France. -
Unification of Italy
Political and social movement that agglomerated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of Italy -
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First Boer War
Rebellion of farmers against the British rule in Transvaal that regained they're independence. The British wanted to bring Transvall by force into a union. -
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Berlin Conference
Regulated European colonization and trade in Africa and coincided with Germany's emergence as an imperial power. Was called for by Portugal, with the outcome being the General Act of the Berlin Conference. -
Indian National Congress Founded
One of two major political parties in India, largest & one of the oldest democratically operating parties in the world. -
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Boxer Rebellion
Anti foreign movement by the Righteous Harmony Society in China, opposing foreign imperialism and Christianity. -
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Second Boer War
Involved a large number of British troops that ended with the conversion of Boer republics into British colonies. Theses colonies formed to make the Union of South Africa. -
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Russo-Japenese War
War that grew out of rival imperial ambitions of the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over Manchuria and Korea.around Korea, Japan, and the Yellow Sea. -
All-India Muslim League founded
Political party that advocated a seperate Muslim nation, Pakistan. Emerged from Aligarh Movement, which promoted a modern education for muslims. -
Henry Ford & the Assembly Line
Manufacturing process where parts are added to a product in a sequential manner in order to make a finished product quicker.
Henry Ford used the assembly line on his model T car which resulted in the price to drop drastically. -
Panama Canal
Ship canal in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea) to the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key conduit for international maritime trade.
