-
Second German Naval Law
passed which provides plans for German naval expansion over the following 20 years -
British alliance with Japan
-
Entente Cordial
britain and france -
Period: to
The Russo-Japanese War
Worked to Germany's advantage. Admittedly, German hopes of Britain being drawn into teh conflict never materialised, but the war fundamentally weakened Russia, which descended into the 1905 revolution. -
Britain had started to concentrate 3/4 of the fleet in European waters.
preparing for war --> germany feeling threatened, -
Period: to
The First Morrocan Crisis
STARTED:
Key features: planned to the break the Anglo-French alliance. W2 landed in morocco which was under French influences and made a speech about independence of the sultan. Bulow demanded an international conference to review the situation hoping to show the AF agreement as flimsy and Britain as unreliable
Significance: Germany became diplomatically isolated and the AF was strengthened -
Period: to
The Naval rivialry
Key Features: HMS Dreadnought was laid down in 1905 and the Kaiser continually tried to match Britain
Significance: "we want eight and we won't wait" short lived compromise and not a long term solution. relations worsened - britain would not back down -
Britain launched the HMS Dreadnought
-
Dreadnought count
britain -1
Germany - 0 -
Anglo-Russian Entente
With France now close to Britain as well as allied to Russia, this agreement closed the circle and underlined Germany's isolation. It was fundamentally a colonial agreement to settle differences in Asia over Tibet, Persia and Afghanistan bu regulating spheres of influence; like the Anglo-french entente, it was not overtly directed at Germany. -
Triple entente
russia, france, england -
Dreadnought count
britain - 3
Germany - 0 -
Dreadnought count
Britain - 2
Germany - 4 -
Period: to
The Bosnian Crisis
Key Features: AH in a war against Balkan nationalism and Germany supported. 1908 AH annexed Bosnia. The triple entente demanded a conference but AH refused. 1909 Russia accepted teh annexation and war was avoided.
Significance: diplomatic triumph for Germany strengthened alliance between AH and Germany highlighted weaknessed of the triple entente -
Dreadnought count
Britain -2
germany - 3 -
Dreadnought count
Britain - 3
Germany - 1 -
Second Moroccan Crisis
Key Features: French troops sent to Fez as an outbreak of a revolt. Germany sent 'The Panther' to Agir in South morocco to protect teh germans, though only 1 was found
Significance: intended to win teh whole french congo. France and Britain joined forces Germany backed down. little was gained. There was much lost. Political tension intensified. Anglo-france aggreement (naval) - Britain angered. -
Dreadnought count
britain - 5
Germany - 3 -
Period: to
Balkan Wars
Key Features: in 1912 the focus of international affairs shifted back again to the Balkans. Balkan league created and attacked Turkey. Turkey lost y all of its nearly all of its European territory.
Significance: Germany's position stiffened by serbia. AH was backed by Austria. -
War Council
Key Features: Britain announced that they would stand by France in a continental war. Kaiser called for an increase in armaiennt to confront the 'racial struggle' with Russia.
Significance: hostility of teh kaiser. ready for war -
Dreadnought count
Britain - 3
germany -2 -
Dreadnought count
Britain - 7
Germany - 3 -
Assassinatin of the heir of AH
-
Germany gave it's unconditional support to austria which is known as the Blank Cheque
-
Schlieffen Plan
Key features: field marshall schlieffen began to work on a plan to knock france out of any war before Russia could be mobilise.
Significance: preparing for war. -
austria declares war on serbia
-
partial mobilisation of russia
a diplomatic tool to put pressure on austria. however, bethmann made it clear to Russia that unless it cancelled the partial mobilisation Germany would be compelled to mobilise their forces fully. -
mobilisation and war
by 30 july military matters were beginning to take precedence over diplomacy. As Bethmann himself had stated at a meeting: 'things are out of control and teh stone has started to roll'. This would bring into play Germany's military plan drawn up by Moltke's predecessor, Alfred con Schlieffen -
full mobilisation of russia
russia decided to order full mobilisation. german political and military leadership took the lead and raised the stakes by:
- giving an ultimatum that Russia demobilise its forces within 12 hours
- asking france to state its position in teh eventof a Russo-german war. -
war declared on russia
-
war declared on france
-
britain declared war
-
Dreadnought count
Britain - 3
Germany - 1 -
AH presented Serbia with 10 demands
they were undoubtedly severe and insisted on reply within a 48-hour time limit. To the surprise of many, the Serbs, after consulting with their Russian ally, accepted most of the terms, except teh one which gave Austrian police access to its territory