Origins of Canadian Government

Democracy in Ancient Greece

507 BCE

Democracy in Ancient Greece was a system of government where citizens had a direct say in decision-making. Citizens gathered in assemblies to discuss and vote on laws and policies. In Canada, the influence of Ancient Greek democracy is seen in our representative democracy. In Canada, we elect representatives to make decisions on our behalf in a parliamentary system. This ensures that we have a say in laws and policies, reflecting the democratic principles that trace back to Ancient Greece.

The Roman Empire

31 BCE

The Roman Empire was a powerful ancient civilization, known for its huge influence on governance, law, and infrastructure. In Canada, the influence of the Roman Empire is evident in our legal system. The concept of "rule of law" and the development of a legal code have roots in Roman traditions. Canadian laws, like those in Rome, aim to be fair by emphasising the importance of equal treatment under the law. This overall contributes to the foundation of Canada's legal and governmental principles.

The Magna Carta

1215

The Magna Carta was a historic document signed in 1215 that aimed to limit the power of the English monarch and protect the rights of individuals. Its influence on Canadian government is significant, as it laid the groundwork for the principles of constitutional governance and the rule of law. The Magna Carta's emphasis on legal fairness and individual liberties has shaped Canadas legal system, contributing to the development of an accountable government that respects the rights of its citizens.

Iroquois Confederacy

1450

The Iroquois Confederacy was a union of Indigenous nations, including the Mohawk, Seneca, and others, known for their democratic governance. Their system, with elected leaders and councils, influenced Canada's political structure. The idea of cooperative decision-making and representation found in the Iroquois Confederacy resonates in Canada's commitment to inclusivity and cooperation within its diverse society, contributing to the foundation of the country's democratic values and governance.

Divine Right of Kings

1603

The Divine Right of Kings was a belief that monarchs received their authority directly from God, making their rule absolute. In Canada, this idea shifted over time. The influence is seen in the constitutional monarchy, where the monarch's powers are limited by laws and a parliamentary system. The concept of divine right has transformed into a constitutional framework, ensuring that power is shared and subject to the rule of law, marking a departure from absolute monarchical authority.

Thomas Hobbes

1651

Thomas Hobbes was a philosopher who argued for a strong, centralized government to maintain order and prevent chaos. His ideas have influenced Canadian government through the emphasis on a social contract; a mutual agreement between citizens and the government to ensure stability. This notion underlies Canada's commitment to the rule of law and the protection of individual rights, contributing to the development of a orderly society.

John Locke

1689

John Locke, a philosopher, advocated for individual rights, equality, and the idea that governments derive their power from the consent of the governed. His ideas significantly influenced Canadian government, emphasising the protection of individual liberties and the importance of representative democracy. His concepts are foundational to Canada's commitment to human rights, democracy, and the rule of law, shaping the country's political principles and institutions.

British Parliament

1707

The British Parliament, comprising the House of Commons and the House of Lords, has significantly influenced Canadian government. Canada's parliamentary system, mirroring the British model, incorporates elected representation and an appointed Senate. This structure reflects democratic principles and the rule of law, showcasing the enduring impact of British parliamentary traditions on Canada's political framework.

Revolutionary Ideas (French and American revolutions)

1765

The American and French Revolutions, 18th-century movements for political change, influenced Canada by promoting democratic ideals and individual rights. Canada adopted these principles in its government, embracing representative democracy and constitutional values from the revolutionary era, shaping its modern political system.

Social Revolutions (The Great Depression, the 1960's)

1930

Social revolutions like the Great Depression and the 1960s were periods of significant change. The Great Depression prompted Canada to adopt social welfare programs, ensuring citizen well-being during economic hardships. In the 1960s, social movements led to increased inclusivity and individual freedoms. These revolutions influenced Canadian government policies, contributing to the development of social programs, rights protections, and a more inclusive society.