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1501
Mercantilism/ protectionism
The economic policy based on protectionism has its originsin the mercantilism of the sixteenth to the eighteenthcentury and reappears in a second stage in the midtwentieth century. Its purpose is to protect the internal
market by placing barriers to the entry of goods into the
countries. -
Liberalism
Currently, liberalism is identified with individual and social freedom in the political sphere and private initiative in the economic sphere. The longer version states that this system was born in England and spread to North America in the 18th century, where its beginnings were applied in the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. But liberalism was considered, for better or worse, a French doctrine, associated with the principles of the Revolution. -
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First World War
It was the fifth most costly war in terms of lives in history, and was extremely transcendental in the world political order, to the extent that it triggered important revolutions in several participating nations, and allowed the rise of new world powers. -
Neoliberalism
Neoliberalism is a current of economic and political thought that emerged in the 20th century. It is based on the defense of a capitalist system. It tries to revive the ideas of classical liberalism. Specifically, it was the German economist Alexander Rüstow who, in 1938, coined the concept of neoliberalism. At that time, he referred to certain principles which, being defended by liberalism, were particularly emphasized. -
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second world war
It was the largest and deadliest conflict in history. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people and killed more people than any other known war. Between 50 and 85 million people died, most of them civilians. The war included massacres, the Holocaust genocide (the Shoah), strategic bombing, famine, disease and the only recorded use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history. -
The International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Is one of the main international economic organizations, together with the World Bank and the WTO (World Trade Organization). Its specific mission is international monetary cooperation and exchange rate stability to facilitate the smooth functioning of a multilateral payments system, but its real weight in the world's economic development goes much further. -
world Bank
Since its conception in 1944, the World Bank has evolved from a single entity to a group of five closely related development institutions.
While reconstruction remains important, the important, the predominant focus of all its work of all its work is to fight poverty through a process of
through an inclusive and sustainable inclusive and sustainable globalization process. -
non-tariff barriers
In the GATT, the countries established that non-tariff measures should not reduce the tariff allocations negotiated. Generic clauses against the reduction of tariff allocations were dealt with and quantitative limitations were prohibited, except for balance of payments measures, agricultural measures and those applied to developing countries and initial industries. Over the decades, codes for customs valuation, sanitary measures, anti-dumping, etc., were introduced with a view to perfecting them -
GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was signed in response to the need to establish a multilateral organization to ensure the proper functioning of international trade as a means of ensuring the growth of the countries that would join the organization. -
Tariffs
The six EEC member countries eliminate customs duties on imported products among themselves, allowing free cross-border trade for the first time. They also apply the same duties to their imports from third countries. -
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Round of uruguay
The Uruguay Round was the eighth round of multilateral trade negotiations conducted under the GATT, spanning approximately 7 years and involving 123 countries as "contracting parties". The Round led to the creation of the World Trade Organization, with GATT remaining an integral part of the WTO agreements. The round entered into force in 1995, under the administrative direction of the World Trade Organization (WTO). -
Bretton Woods
The Bretton Woods agreements refer to the decisions taken at the convention that in July 1944 brought together 44 countries to establish a new post-war world economic model that would set the rules for trade and financial relations between the most industrialized countries. -
OMC (world trade organization)
Headquartered in Geneva, it is a multilateral international organization, not part of the United Nations systemIt opens in a new window, and was created in 1995 as a result of the Uruguay RoundIt opens in a new window. Heir to several multilateral agreements that were negotiated among a growing number of countries after World War II.
It currently has 164 members.
