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Period: to
Maori Wars
Violent, localised, over land disputes -
Period: to
Second Opium War
Violent, over opium being made illegal in China. Defeated by collaboration with France, USA and Russia -
Period: to
Indian Mutiny
Violent, not nationalist -
Morant Bay rebellion
localised, over land tensions and tax.Violent suppression of what was a relatively peaceful march -
Period: to
First Anglo-Boer War
Violent, political (argued British went against previous conventions) -
Foundation of the Irish Parliamentary Party
Nationalist political opposition to British rule in Ireland. -
Hut Tax War Sierra Leone
Violent, polyethnic opposition to the hut tax as imposed by Governor Frederic Cardew. Bai Bureh and Momah Joh - tribe leaders who led the opposition. -
War of the Golden Stool in Ashanti
Violent opposition due to British disrespect towards Asante religious and secular customs, especially surrounding the Golden Stool. Yaa Asantewaa rallied the people to into rebellion -
The Denshawai Incident, Egypt
(somewhat)violent, localised, spontaneous. British officers were caught shooting pigeons villagers had bred for food, leading to a short scuffle during which a British officer died of heatstroke. 3 deaths (1 officer, 2 civilians), alongside the death penalty given to 4 Egyptian men -
Assassination of Curzon Wyllie
Violent, nationalist, political. Madan Lal Dhingra, the assassinator, said he shot Curzon as a patriotic act and as a means for revenge against all the inhumane killings of Indians by the British government -
Period: to
Ghadar Party (India and America)
Political opposition to British rule in India headed by expatriate Indians in America. Called for a violent overthrow of the British in India. Smuggled arms into India. Helped cause the Lahore Mutiny in 1915 -
Quebec Conscription Crisis
Isolated and monoethnic, political and violent. Mostly French Canadians opposed conscription during WWI. French-Canadian Mps opposed it by political debate, but also spontaneous riots in Quebec in which rioters caused damages worth $300,000 -
Taranto Rebellion 1918
British West Indes Regiment mutinied due to low wages, racial discrimination, and humiliation. Somewhat violent (though was characterised mostly by a refusal to follow orders), localised -
Egyptian revolution
Caused by the exile of nationalist leader Saad Zaghul. Countrywide, nationalist, mainly civil disobedience at the grassroots level, though with some violence directed towards British institutions (military and civilian alike) -
Iraqi Revolt
Against British mandate. Nationalist, violent, widespread, coordinated (though mostly local) attacks on the British -
Period: to
West African Student's Union, London
Political, pan-Africanist, anti-racist, anti-colonial. Increasingly called for decolonisation, especially w/ WWII. -
Salt March, India
Non-violent, political protest, nationalist, civil disobedience (boycott) -
The Sinking of the SS Patria
Violent opposition to British restrictions on Jewish immigration. Sunk by the Jewish paramilitary organisation Haganah as the ship was to carry deported Jews from Haifa to Mauritius. -
Period: to
Indian National Army
Violent, nationalist, widespread. Led by Subhas Bose. Wanted the liberation of India from British rule -
King David Hotel Bombing Jerusalem
Violent opposition. Bombed by Irgun, killed 91 people -
Accra Riots, Ghana
Economic (boycotts), then political (peaceful marches), then violent (riots), then political.
Not nationalist, riots were spontaneous, main cause of opposition was the delay in ex servicemen receiving their bonuses as veterans of WWII -
Period: to
Malayan Emergency
Guerrilla warfare against British. Political - violence proliferated by the Malayan Communist Party and their Malayan National Liberation Army -
Ian Smith's Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Rhodesia
Political opposition, well organised