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The Irish Republican Brotherhood, also known as the Fenians, founded both in Ireland and the U.S.A. (where many Irish political refugees now live)
Fenian - Fianna - a band of warrior heroes -
Land League founded and was successful in their fight for better conditions for the Irish farmers who before had to pay a very high rent to the English for their small plots of land. Culmination in 1903 where the farmers reached ownership of their own land.
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After two unsuccessful attempts to reached independence in the British Parliament (one in 1886 and the other in 1893), the third Home Rule Bill passed, but the process was stopped by the outbreak of first world war.
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Rebels held centre in Dublin for a week, the Irish Republic was proclaimed as an independent state from the General Post Office. 360 Irishmen were killed, 130 British soldiers were killed before the rebels surrendered.
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The violent War of Independence begins with the party Sinn Féinm which stood for an independent Irish state.
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The treaty was accepted after a bloody war of independence - finally the Irish Free State had conquered the Brits.
