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460 BCE
Democritus
Democritus was born in 460 BCE and died 370 BCE in Aberda,Thrace. He was known as the laughing philosopher because he was always happy. He actually adopted the atomic theory from his professor Leucippus. The theory states that everything is made up of atoms that are physically indivisible and they are indestructible. Atoms occupy space and differ in size, shape, magnitude, position, and arrangement. In his model atoms are homogeneous. January. 1st 492 BCE he made his discoveries. -
John Dalton
He was born Sept.6,1766 and died July.26,1844 in Manchester England. He was an English chemist, physist, and meteorologist. He loved gases and experimented on atomic weights and structures. He was the 1st scientist to explain behavior of atoms. In 1803 everything was official. His theory examined compositions of compounds explaining that atoms(tiny particles) in a compound were compound atoms. Also every form of matter(solid,liquids, and gases) are made up of small individual particles(atoms). -
Medieval Alchemy(Alchemists)
These alchemists were spiritual and traditional. They had mythical and scientific theories. They date back to the middle ages. Protoscience. Equipment and techniques-Distillation, discovered mineral acids. How the world worked-Tied together the practical work with the philosophy of matter. How and why things worked. Baser metals into gold and silver. They used experiments to discover new techniques, substances and tools. Invented gun powder or black powder in the 9th century. -
Henri Becquerel
Earned doctorate in 1888. 1892, appointed Professor of Applied Physics in Department of Natural History at Paris Museum. Began teaching at his alma mater.Polarization of light phosphorescence , terrestrial magnetism. 1896, greatest discovery: radioactivity.
Becquerel devised an experiment(X-Rays)proved existence of naturally occurring force. Experiment not successful evidence of natural radioactivity nearly by accident.Nobel Prize Physics in 1903, with Pierre and Marie Curie -
J.J. (Joseph John) Thompson
He was born on Dec.18,1856, died on Aug.30,1940 in England. He received multiple nobel prizes(Physics 1906). Discovered the Plum Pudding model in 1904-Each negatively-charged electron was paired with a positively-charged particle that followed it everywhere within the atom. Negatively-charged electrons orbited a central region of positive charge having the same magnitude as all the electrons. The negative electrons occupied a region of space that itself was a uniform positive charge. CathodeRays -
Marie and Pierre Curie
Married in Sorbonne Pierre Curie, a physicist worked on piezoelectric effect. Worked in a field just opened up by Wilhelm Roentgen’s discovery of X-rays and Becquerel’s observation of the power of samples of uranium salts to expose photographic film. Soon convinced her husband. Tested ability ionize air, announced discovery of polonium, radium salts weighing about 0.1 gram from tons of uranium ore. World War I she organized a system of portable X-ray machines treating wounded French soldiers. -
Ernest Rutherford
Raised on a farm in New Zealand.
Won a scholarship to Cambridge University, J. J. Thomson’s first graduate student at the Cavendish Laboratory.
experimented transmission of radio waves,investigation of conduction of electricity through gases.
His experiments showed when alpha particles were in gas atoms, a few were deflected, dense, and + charged central region with the atomic mass
Discovered alpha and beta rays.
Proposed the laws of radioactive decay.
Won Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908. -
Neils Bohr
Fled: Sweden - Denmark.
Brought to London , to work with British Tube Alloys nuclear weapons development team.Went to U.S.worked at Los Alamos under pseudonym Baker,as a consultant. Supported applications of atomic energy and openness between nations with regard to nuclear weapons. England in 1911 to work J.J. Thomson at Cavendish Laboratory, failed to impress him with experiments, invitation post-doctoral work with Ernest Rutherford.Created Bohr model.1922, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics -
James Chadwick
Member of the British MAUD Committee, concluded creation nuclear weapons In President Roosevelt's decision to build atomic bomb. From 1943 to 1946, leading British scientist advocate for Brnuclear weapons. Helped draft agreements provide uranium for Manhattan Project discovered neutron in 1932,discovery of nuclear fission, and the atomic bomb. James Chadwick : winner of the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics. -
bibliography
James Chadwick. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from http://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/james-chadwick
Images of J. Chadwick, Ernest Rutherford, Henri Becquerel, Marie and Pierre Curie and Neils Bohr from websites used to find information. -
bibliography
Science | Reference.com. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from https://www.reference.com/science, Democritus
The Art and (proto)Science of Alchemy. Retrieved November 30, 2016, from http://historymedren.about.com/od/alchemy/p/alchemy.html, Medieval Alchemy
Biography. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from http://www.in-biography.com/, John Dalton
Chemical Heritage Foundation | Home. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from https://www.chemheritage.org/, J.J.(Joseph John) thompson -
bibliography
All websites are where we got all our pictures from. -
bibliography
Henri Becquerel. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from http://www.biography.com/people/henri-becquerel-40055
Niels Bohr. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from http://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/niels-bohr
Ernest Rutherford. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from https://www.chemheritage.org/historical-profile/ernest-rutherford
Marie Sklodowska Curie. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from https://www.chemheritage.org/historical-profile/marie-sklodowska-curie
