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Quest to evangelize the Kanienkehà:ka
Roman Catholic order based in Paris, establishes a mission on Mount Royal (Montreal) to evangelize the Kanienkehà:ka, Algonquin and Nipissing. -
Lands Granted to Catholic Seminary
The Governor of New France granted the lands and pines to a Catholic seminary -
Mohawk "Origin" Date
In 1721 the Mohawks came to be established in that area after moving from Montreal. But archeological proof and oral history attest that the territory served as traditional grounds long before 1721 -
Seminary becomes Owner
The seminary expanded the 1676 agreement to grant itself sole ownership rights. -
Treaty of Paris
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Letter of Protest
The people of Kanehsatà:ke send a letter of protest about their treatment at the hands of the Seminary of St. Sulpice to the highest British civil authority in British North America.
Demanded an Indian agent replace the Seminary’s religious authority. Governments tried to settle by offering the Mohawks the ability to relocate elsewhere. -
Naming of "Oka"
The Sulpicians change the place name of Kanehsatà:ke to Oka. -
Supreme Court backs the Sulpicians
The Canadian Supreme Court maintains the St-Sulpice order has title to the land. -
Seminary Sells Land
The seminary sold the territory and vacated the area. -
9 Hole Golf Course Built
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Mohawk Warrior Society Created
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Renewed Golf Course Lease
Lease is renewed for another 36 years. -
Chief Simon Speaks Out
Grand Chief Clarence Simon demands that the project be stopped -
Moratorium Agreed To
Several provincial and federal government representatives ask the Municipality of Oka to reconsider the development plans.
The Mayor of Oka, Jean Ouellette, agrees to a moratorium -
Dismissal of Chiefs
Grand Chief Simon is dismissed. The Clan Mothers replace him with George Martin. -
End of Moratorium
The mayor of Oka puts an end to the moratorium and gives the go-ahead for the golf course expansion.
The Mohawks immediately erect a barricade on the dirt road that leads to the disputed land. -
Warriors Society arrive at Barricade
The Warriors Society join the people of Kanehsatà:ke and the barricade is reinforced. -
Initial Barricade
Mohawk members erected a barricade blocking access to the area in question. The SQ attacked the barricade, using tear gas and concussion grenades to create confusion. Corporal Marcel Lemay was killed and the SQ retreated. -
Request for Military Support
Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa asks Prime Minister Mulroney for military intervention in Oka. -
Deployment of Canadian Armed Forces
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Announcement from the Armed Forces
Canadian army announces that it is going to proceed with the dismantling of barricades -
Evacuation of Oka
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Army Advances
The army advances on the Mohawk barricades around Kanehsatake. -
Bulldozer destroys Barricade
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Final Engagement
Mohawks taunted the soldiers and then started throwing water balloons at them -
Last Day of Conflict
4:00; Mohawk burn documents and weapons, elders perform spiritual ceremony.
5:30; Warrior flag is lowered.
6:45; The remaining mohawks walk towards military lines. -
Soldiers Leave
Last 300 soldiers leave Oka -
Royal Commission of Aboriginal Peoples
Prime Minister Brian Mulroney announces the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. -
Royal Commission of Aboriginal Peoples releases a report
It sets out a 20-year agenda to implement real change in the relationship between Canada and its Indigenous population. -
Owner Still Unresolved
The issue of who holds the land is still unresolved.
